Yang XiaoLi, Tao XiaoRan, Wei PanLing, Xu Chen, Gao JinPing, Zhou FuSheng, Wang ZaiXing
Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
J Hum Hypertens. 2025 Jul 29. doi: 10.1038/s41371-025-01056-y.
Studies have indicated a relationship between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and hypertension, but the findings remain controversial. To examine this association, we conducted a systematic review using studies from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, applying a random-effects model while performing subgroup and sensitivity analyses to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were performed by country, data source, and sample size. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024573911). The analysis included 20 studies, primarily consisting of case-control studies from Europe and Asia, encompassing 72,981,822 participants, of whom 29,199 had BP. The mean ages of the BP group and the non-BP group were 74.62 and 74.25 years, respectively. Random-effects meta-analysis demonstrated a significant association between BP and hypertension (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.20). Subgroup analyses revealed stronger associations in database studies (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.17-1.31) and in studies with over 1000 BP cases (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.23-1.37). No significant association was observed in studies conducted in Asia (OR = 1.05) or Europe (OR = 1.07). However, a significant relationship was found in studies from the United States (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.12-1.48). This study found a significant correlation between BP and hypertension, particularly in the United States. However, as most included studies were observational in nature, causality cannot be inferred. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and causal relationship between BP and hypertension.
研究表明大疱性类天疱疮（BP）与高血压之间存在关联，但研究结果仍存在争议。为了研究这种关联，我们使用来自PubMed、EMBASE、科学网和考克兰图书馆的研究进行了一项系统评价，采用随机效应模型，同时进行亚组分析和敏感性分析，以探索潜在的异质性来源。亚组分析按国家、数据来源和样本量进行。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估证据质量。该评价方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO）中注册（注册号：CRD42024573911）。该分析纳入了20项研究，主要包括来自欧洲和亚洲的病例对照研究，涉及72981822名参与者，其中29199人患有BP。BP组和非BP组的平均年龄分别为74.62岁和74.25岁。随机效应荟萃分析表明BP与高血压之间存在显著关联（优势比[OR]=1.13，95%置信区间[CI]：1.07-1.20）。亚组分析显示，在数据库研究（OR=1.24，95%CI：1.17-1.31）和BP病例超过1000例的研究（OR=1.30，95%CI：1.23-1.37）中关联更强。在亚洲进行的研究（OR=1.05）或欧洲进行的研究（OR=1.07）中未观察到显著关联。然而，在美国的研究中发现了显著关联（OR=1.29，95%CI：1.12-1.48）。本研究发现BP与高血压之间存在显著相关性，尤其是在美国。然而，由于大多数纳入研究本质上是观察性的，无法推断因果关系。需要进一步研究以阐明BP与高血压之间的潜在机制和因果关系。
