Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Eur J Med Res. 2024 May 19;29(1):290. doi: 10.1186/s40001-024-01887-4.
Anemia is a frequently reported and commonly documented issue in intensive care units. In surgical intensive care units, more than 90% of patients are found to be anemic. It is a hematologic factor that contributes to extended mechanical ventilation, sepsis, organ failure, longer hospitalizations in critical care units, and higher mortality. Thus, this study aimed to determine the incidence and identify factors associated with anemia in elective surgical patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit.
A retrospective follow-up study involving 422 hospitalized patients was carried out between December 2019 and December 2022 in the surgical intensive care unit after elective surgery at Tikur-Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data were gathered from the patients' charts, and study participants were chosen using methods of systematic random sampling. SPSS 26 (the statistical software for social science, version 26) was used to analyze the data. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were used to examine associations between variables.
The incidence of anemia in elective surgical patients admitted to the intensive care unit was 69.9% (95% CI 65.4-74.5%). American Society of Anesthesiologists' class III (ASA III) [AOR: 8.53, 95% CI 1.92-13.8], renal failure [AOR:2.53, 95% CI (1.91-5.81)], malignancy [AOR: 2.59, 95% CI (1.31-5.09)], thoracic surgery [AOR: 4.07, 95% CI (2.11-7.87)], urologic surgery [AOR: 6.22, 95% CI (2.80-13.80)], and neurosurgery [AOR: 4.51, 95% CI (2.53-8.03)] were significantly associated with anemia in surgical patients admitted to the intensive care unit.
More than two-thirds of the intensive care unit-admitted surgical patients experienced anemia. An American Society of Anesthesiologists' (ASA III score), renal failure, malignancy, thoracic surgery, urologic surgery, and neurosurgery were significantly associated with this condition. Early identification helps to institute preventive and therapeutic measures.
贫血是重症监护病房中经常报告和常见的问题。在外科重症监护病房中，超过 90%的患者被发现患有贫血。它是导致机械通气延长、脓毒症、器官衰竭、重症监护病房住院时间延长和死亡率增加的血液学因素。因此，本研究旨在确定择期手术患者入住外科重症监护病房后贫血的发生率，并确定与贫血相关的因素。
本研究为回顾性随访研究，于 2019 年 12 月至 2022 年 12 月在埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴提克里安巴萨专科医院进行，纳入了在外科重症监护病房接受择期手术后的 422 名住院患者。数据来自患者病历，采用系统随机抽样法选择研究对象。采用 SPSS 26（社会科学统计软件，版本 26）分析数据。采用单变量和多变量二项逻辑回归分析变量之间的关联。
入住重症监护病房的择期手术患者贫血发生率为 69.9%（95%CI 65.4-74.5%）。美国麻醉医师协会（ASA）分级 III 级（ASA III）[比值比（OR）：8.53，95%CI 1.92-13.8]、肾衰竭（OR：2.53，95%CI 1.91-5.81）、恶性肿瘤（OR：2.59，95%CI 1.31-5.09）、胸部手术（OR：4.07，95%CI 2.11-7.87）、泌尿科手术（OR：6.22，95%CI 2.80-13.80）和神经外科手术（OR：4.51，95%CI 2.53-8.03）与重症监护病房入住的外科患者贫血显著相关。
超过三分之二的重症监护病房入住的外科患者经历了贫血。ASA 分级（ASA III 评分）、肾衰竭、恶性肿瘤、胸部手术、泌尿科手术和神经外科手术与这种情况显著相关。早期识别有助于实施预防和治疗措施。
