Lai Jing-Ying, Lin Hui-Rong, Sun Xiao-Hui, Hu Gong-Ren, Yu Rui-Lian, Li Jia-Qi
College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jul 10;13(7):1624. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13071624.
Pollutants and pathogens in aquaculture systems may cause economic losses and threaten public health. Yet, the risks associated with microbiological contaminants and their relationship with environmental factors remain largely unknown. In this study, two typical eel farms in southeast China were chosen for investigation of water quality and microbial community in the treatment processes. It was found that flocculant addition can only effectively reduce total phosphorus (TP) in both farms. However, excessive total nitrogen (TN) was found (6.16 mg/L and 6.74 mg/L, respectively). NH (3.98 mg/L) was the main nitrogen pollutant in QR farm, while NO (3.81 mg/L) and NO (1.22 mg/L) were the main nitrogen pollutants in ZJ farm. The treatment processes could not effectively remove nitrogen pollution, and the abundance of nitrogen functional bacteria was low. NO was positively correlated with Verrucomicrobiota ( < 0.05). NH and TN were significantly negatively correlated with Nitrospirota and , respectively ( < 0.05). Some typical pathogens associated with aquaculture (e.g., ) and human beings (e.g., ,) were found in the systems. This study proposes suggestions for aquaculture tailwater by analyzing the shortcomings of the existing treatment processes. Meanwhile, it offers certain support for the prevention of pathogen risks in aquaculture systems.
水产养殖系统中的污染物和病原体可能会造成经济损失并威胁公众健康。然而，与微生物污染物相关的风险及其与环境因素的关系在很大程度上仍不为人所知。在本研究中，选取了中国东南部的两个典型鳗鱼养殖场，对处理过程中的水质和微生物群落进行调查。结果发现，添加絮凝剂只能有效降低两个养殖场的总磷（TP）。然而，发现总氮（TN）超标（分别为6.16 mg/L和6.74 mg/L）。铵态氮（NH，3.98 mg/L）是QR养殖场的主要氮污染物，而硝态氮（NO，3.81 mg/L）和亚硝态氮（NO，1.22 mg/L）是ZJ养殖场的主要氮污染物。处理过程无法有效去除氮污染，且氮功能细菌的丰度较低。硝态氮与疣微菌门呈正相关（<0.05）。铵态氮和总氮分别与硝化螺旋菌门和显著负相关（<0.05）。在系统中发现了一些与水产养殖相关的典型病原体（如）和与人类相关的病原体（如，）。本研究通过分析现有处理过程的缺点，对水产养殖尾水提出了建议。同时，为水产养殖系统中病原体风险的预防提供了一定的支持。
