Althumairy Duaa A, Abu-Khudir Rasha, Alandanoosi Afnan I, Badr Gehan M
Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Jun 27;18(7):969. doi: 10.3390/ph18070969.
: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that poses a significant gastroenterological challenge. : This study investigates the protective effects of garlic peel extract (GPE) in a rat model of acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis. Rats received oral GPE (100 mg/kg) for 14 days prior to AA administration, and this continued for 14 days post-induction. : GC-MS analysis of GPE identified several key phytochemicals, primarily methyl esters of fatty acids (62.47%), fatty acids (10.36%), fatty acid derivatives (6.75%), and vitamins (4.86%) as the major constituents. Other notable compounds included steroids, natural alcohols, organosulfur compounds, fatty aldehydes, carotenoids, sugars, and glucosinolates. GPE treatment significantly improved body weight and colon length. Biochemical analysis showed that GPE downregulated the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), compared to the colitis (AA) group. Additionally, GPE reduced the oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers, including myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as caspase-3, a marker for apoptosis. Furthermore, GPE treatment resulted in enhanced activities of the enzymatic antioxidants catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. These findings were supported by histological evidence. : Collectively, GPE holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for UC, owing to its natural bioactive compounds and their potential synergistic anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects.
溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种慢性复发性炎症性肠病（IBD），对胃肠病学构成重大挑战。本研究调查了大蒜皮提取物（GPE）在醋酸（AA）诱导的大鼠结肠炎模型中的保护作用。在给予AA之前，大鼠口服GPE（100mg/kg）14天，并在诱导后持续14天。GPE的气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析确定了几种关键的植物化学物质，主要成分是脂肪酸甲酯（62.47%）、脂肪酸（10.36%）、脂肪酸衍生物（6.75%）和维生素（4.86%）。其他值得注意的化合物包括类固醇、天然醇、有机硫化合物、脂肪醛、类胡萝卜素、糖和硫代葡萄糖苷。GPE治疗显著改善了体重和结肠长度。生化分析表明，与结肠炎（AA）组相比，GPE下调了促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-1（IL-1）、IL-6、IL-17、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和核因子-κB（NF-κB）的水平。此外，GPE降低了氧化应激（OS）生物标志物，包括髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和丙二醛（MDA），以及凋亡标志物半胱天冬酶-3。此外，GPE治疗导致酶促抗氧化剂过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性增强，同时抗炎细胞因子IL-10水平升高。这些发现得到了组织学证据的支持。总的来说，由于其天然生物活性化合物及其潜在的协同抗炎、抗氧化和抗凋亡作用，GPE有望成为UC的一种治疗策略。
