Pérez-Sáenz Mariana Goretti, Martínez-Martínez Rita Elizabeth, Zaragoza-Contreras Erasto Armando, Domínguez-Pérez Rubén Abraham, Reyes-López Simón Yobanny, Donohue-Cornejo Alejandro, Cuevas-González Juan Carlos, Tovar-Carrillo Karla Lizette, de Lourdes Silva-Benítez Erika, Ayala-Herrera José Luis, Espinosa-Cristóbal León Francisco
Master Program in Dental Sciences, Stomatology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City (UACJ), Envolvente del PRONAF and Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Master Program in Advanced Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Manuel Nava Avenue, University Campus, San Luis Potosí 78290, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 Jun 26;17(7):831. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17070831.
Root canal infections represent a serious challenge to the success of endodontic treatment. The most commonly used antimicrobial irrigants, such as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), have certain limitations, while endodontic biofilms pose a significant microbiological complexity in the endodontic field. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a promising irrigant option in root canal treatments; however, few studies are focusing on endodontic biofilms. This work aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-adherence properties of AgNPs against clinically isolated bacteria taken directly from patients with various pulp and periapical diseases. AgNPs of two sizes were synthesized and characterized. The bactericidal and anti-adherence activities of AgNPs were evaluated through microbiological assays using experimental in vitro and ex vivo tests on oral biofilms taken from patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) and pulp necrosis (PN). NaOCl solution was used as the gold standard. The size of AgNPs was uniformly distributed (13.2 ± 0.4 and 62.6 ± 14.9 nm, respectively) with a spherical shape. Both types of nanoparticles exhibited good antimicrobial and anti-adherence activities in all microbiological assays, with a significant difference from NaOCl for in vitro and ex vivo models ( < 0.05). The inhibitory activity of AgNPs is mainly related to the type of microbiological sample and the exposure time. The antibacterial substantivity of both nanoparticle sizes was time-dependent. AgNPs may represent a promising antimicrobial option as an endodontic irrigant during conventional root canal treatments to prevent and control endodontic infections.
根管感染是牙髓治疗成功的一项严峻挑战。最常用的抗菌冲洗剂，如次氯酸钠（NaOCl），存在一定局限性，而根管生物膜在牙髓领域构成了显著的微生物复杂性。银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）已成为根管治疗中一种有前景的冲洗剂选择；然而，很少有研究关注根管生物膜。这项工作旨在评估AgNPs对直接取自患有各种牙髓和根尖周疾病患者的临床分离细菌的抗菌和抗黏附特性。合成并表征了两种尺寸的AgNPs。通过微生物学测定，利用对有症状根尖周炎（AAP）和牙髓坏死（PN）患者的口腔生物膜进行的体外和离体实验，评估了AgNPs的杀菌和抗黏附活性。NaOCl溶液用作金标准。AgNPs的尺寸呈球形且均匀分布（分别为13.2±0.4和62.6±14.9纳米）。在所有微生物学测定中，两种类型的纳米颗粒均表现出良好的抗菌和抗黏附活性，在体外和离体模型中与NaOCl有显著差异（<0.05）。AgNPs的抑制活性主要与微生物样本类型和暴露时间有关。两种尺寸纳米颗粒的抗菌持续性均与时间相关。在传统根管治疗期间，AgNPs作为根管冲洗剂可能是一种有前景的抗菌选择，可预防和控制根管感染。
