Darkak Mahsa, Alizadeh Ainaz, Roufegarinejad Leila, Hamishehkar Hamed
Department of Food Science and Technology, Ta.C., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Ta.C., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Carbohydr Polym. 2025 Oct 15;366:123817. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123817. Epub 2025 May 29.
This study aims to use sunflower by-products to develop double-layer films with dual functions. Sunflower head's pectin (SP) and gelatin (G) as the outer layer and zein electrospun nanofibers (ZNF) as the inner layer. Anthocyanins extracted from purple sunflower seed hull (SHAn) were loaded to SP/G, while sunflower floret's essential oil (SEO) was imported to ZNF to provide intelligent and active properties. Adding 2 %, 4 %, and 6 % (w/w) SHAn to the SP/G biopolymer matrix decreased hydrophilicity and enhanced mechanical properties. It also displayed sensitive color responses to pH change (2-12), in which SP/G/SHAn6% exhibited the best performance. The impact of SHAn and SEO on the morphological properties, chemical structures, and thermal stability of the mono and bilayer films were characterized and confirmed by SEM, FT-IR, XRD, and DSC. The SP/G/SHAn6%/ZNF/SEO double-layer film exhibits synergistic antioxidant and antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus. Finally, the results of chicken breasts wrapped with this film showed that the SP/G/SHAN6%/ZNF/SEO double-layer film not only monitored the freshness of chicken but also extended the shelf life of chicken breasts up to 12 days at 4 °C. Therefore, this intelligent and active double-layer film presented promising applications for effective freshness monitoring and food preservation.
本研究旨在利用向日葵副产品开发具有双重功能的双层薄膜。以向日葵花盘果胶（SP）和明胶（G）作为外层，玉米醇溶蛋白电纺纳米纤维（ZNF）作为内层。将从紫色向日葵籽壳中提取的花青素（SHAn）负载到SP/G中，同时将向日葵小花精油（SEO）引入ZNF以赋予其智能和活性特性。向SP/G生物聚合物基质中添加2%、4%和6%（w/w）的SHAn可降低亲水性并增强机械性能。它还对pH值变化（2-12）表现出灵敏的颜色响应，其中SP/G/SHAn6%表现出最佳性能。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）对SHAn和SEO对单层和双层薄膜的形态特性、化学结构和热稳定性的影响进行了表征和确认。SP/G/SHAn6%/ZNF/SEO双层薄膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有协同抗氧化和抗菌性能。最后，用这种薄膜包裹鸡胸肉的结果表明，SP/G/SHAN6%/ZNF/SEO双层薄膜不仅能监测鸡肉的新鲜度，还能在4℃下将鸡胸肉的保质期延长至12天。因此，这种智能活性双层薄膜在有效新鲜度监测和食品保鲜方面具有广阔的应用前景。
