Oladele Deborah B, Swain Martin, Robinson Guy, Clare Amanda, Chalmers Rachel M
Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 3DA, UK.
Cryptosporidium Reference Unit, Public Health Wales Microbiology, Singleton Hospital, Sgeti, Swansea, SA2 8QA, UK.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2025 Jul 6;8:100292. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2025.100292. eCollection 2025.
spp. are known to cause gastroenteritis (cryptosporidiosis) in numerous hosts, including humans. Understanding the diversity within this genus of parasites requires accurate subtyping, which is frequently performed by sequencing part of the (60-kDa glycoprotein) gene. This literature review examines and subtypes reported between December 2018 and January 2024 in humans, livestock, and non-human primates (NHPs). The review highlights emerging trends in the subtypes reported and reveals the shifting dominance of subtype families, which can be influenced by factors such as anthroponotic interactions. The IIa and IId families remain major contributors to infections across a variety of hosts, with recent reports indicating the continued emergence of the IId family. Furthermore, previously established and newly reported subtypes detected in NHPs highlight the potential for genetic recombination between human-adapted and NHP-adapted subtypes.
已知隐孢子虫属在包括人类在内的众多宿主中会引发肠胃炎（隐孢子虫病）。了解该寄生虫属内的多样性需要进行准确的亚型分型，这通常通过对（60 kDa糖蛋白）基因的部分序列进行测序来完成。这篇文献综述研究了2018年12月至2024年1月期间在人类、家畜和非人灵长类动物（NHPs）中报告的隐孢子虫和微小隐孢子虫亚型。该综述突出了所报告亚型的新趋势，并揭示了亚型家族优势地位的变化，这可能受到人兽共患病相互作用等因素的影响。IIa和IId家族仍然是各类宿主感染的主要原因，最近的报告表明IId家族在持续出现。此外，在非人灵长类动物中检测到的先前已确定和新报告的亚型凸显了人类适应亚型和非人灵长类动物适应亚型之间发生基因重组的可能性。
