Tariq Arsalan, Saad Abdul
University Institute of Physical Therapy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2025 Jul 27;11(3):e002630. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2025-002630. eCollection 2025.
This study examines the relationship between the risk of exercise addiction and psychological factors like anxiety, depression, self-esteem and sleep quality in athletes.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore between August and November 2023, involving 282 athletes from five gyms engaged in bodybuilding, powerlifting or strength training. The study explored the relationship between exercise addiction risk and psychological factors, including anxiety, depression, body image distress, self-esteem, stress, obsessive-compulsive symptoms and sleep quality. Participants met specific inclusion criteria related to training frequency, duration and mental health status. Standardised questionnaires, including the Exercise Addiction Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Body Shape Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Perceived Stress Scale, were used for data collection. Data were analysed using SPSS (V.24) with descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlations and hierarchical multiple regression.
267 completed the study. The majority were male (85.4%), with bodybuilding (50.2%) being the most common type of training. Participants reported high levels of psychological distress, including anxiety, body image concerns and stress. Exercise addiction risk was significantly associated with body image distress (r=0.45), anxiety (r=0.42) and stress (r=0.40), while self-esteem showed a negative correlation (r= -0.36). Hierarchical regression showed psychological factors accounted for 51% of the variance in addiction risk, with body image distress and anxiety being the strongest predictors. Bodybuilders and males reported significantly higher addiction risk scores compared with other groups.
Body image dissatisfaction, anxiety and stress are significant risk factors for exercise addiction, often reflecting emotional coping over performance goals.
本研究探讨运动员运动成瘾风险与焦虑、抑郁、自尊和睡眠质量等心理因素之间的关系。
本横断面研究于2023年8月至11月在拉合尔进行，涉及来自五个健身房的282名从事健美、力量举或力量训练的运动员。该研究探讨了运动成瘾风险与心理因素之间的关系，包括焦虑、抑郁、身体意象困扰、自尊、压力、强迫症状和睡眠质量。参与者符合与训练频率、时长和心理健康状况相关的特定纳入标准。使用标准化问卷进行数据收集，包括运动成瘾量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表、体型问卷、罗森伯格自尊量表、强迫量表修订版、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和感知压力量表。使用SPSS（版本24）进行数据分析，包括描述性统计、t检验、方差分析（ANOVA）、皮尔逊相关性分析和分层多元回归分析。
267名参与者完成了研究。大多数为男性（85.4%），最常见的训练类型是健美（50.2%）。参与者报告了高水平的心理困扰，包括焦虑、身体意象担忧和压力。运动成瘾风险与身体意象困扰（r = 0.45）、焦虑（r = 0.42）和压力（r = 0.40）显著相关，而自尊呈负相关（r = -0.36）。分层回归显示，心理因素占成瘾风险方差的51%，身体意象困扰和焦虑是最强的预测因素。健美运动员和男性的成瘾风险得分显著高于其他组。
身体意象不满以及焦虑和压力是运动成瘾的重要风险因素，常反映出在表现目标上的情绪应对方式。
