Svestkova Adela, Huang Yi, Smahel David
Interdisciplinary Research Team on Internet and Society, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Digit Health. 2025 Jul 28;11:20552076251360973. doi: 10.1177/20552076251360973. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
OBJECTIVE: Generative AI is increasingly used to provide health-related information in addition to online health information seeking (OHIS). Users' willingness to adopt it is crucial. This study investigates individual factors associated with more frequent OHIS: health status, health anxiety, and eHealth literacy. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), we examined whether these factors are related to more trust in generative AI for health-related purposes and the willingness to use it. METHODS: Using SEM, we analyzed cross-sectional survey data ( = 4775) that is representative of adult Czech internet users (50% female; aged 18-95 years). RESULTS: Trust in AI was strongly associated with willingness to use AI. Health status and health anxiety were related to willingness to use AI only indirectly through trust. Higher eHealth literacy was associated with more trust only marginally and had no direct relationship with willingness to use AI. Wellness-related OHIS was positively associated with willingness to use AI for wellness purposes, and illness-related OHIS was associated with willingness to use AI for illness purposes. CONCLUSION: Although not emphasized in TAM and its health-related extensions, trust seems to be a critical mediator in the adoption of generative AI for health purposes. Other factors related to OHIS were not associated with willingness to use AI, except for their relationship with trust. eHealth literacy is practically unrelated to trust and willingness to use AI, which is noteworthy given that health anxiety and health status related to higher acceptance are associated with more risky or high-stake use of online health information.
目的：除了在线健康信息搜索（OHIS）外，生成式人工智能越来越多地用于提供与健康相关的信息。用户采用它的意愿至关重要。本研究调查与更频繁的OHIS相关的个体因素：健康状况、健康焦虑和电子健康素养。使用技术接受模型（TAM），我们研究了这些因素是否与对用于健康相关目的的生成式人工智能的更多信任以及使用它的意愿相关。 方法：我们使用结构方程模型（SEM）分析了具有代表性的成年捷克互联网用户（50%为女性；年龄在18 - 95岁之间）的横断面调查数据（n = 4775）。 结果：对人工智能的信任与使用人工智能的意愿密切相关。健康状况和健康焦虑仅通过信任间接与使用人工智能的意愿相关。较高的电子健康素养仅与更多信任有微弱关联，且与使用人工智能的意愿没有直接关系。与健康相关的OHIS与出于健康目的使用人工智能的意愿呈正相关，与疾病相关的OHIS与出于疾病目的使用人工智能的意愿相关。 结论：尽管在TAM及其与健康相关的扩展中未被强调，但信任似乎是在将生成式人工智能用于健康目的时采用的关键中介因素。与OHIS相关的其他因素与使用人工智能的意愿无关，但它们与信任有关系除外。电子健康素养实际上与信任和使用人工智能的意愿无关，鉴于与更高接受度相关的健康焦虑和健康状况与在线健康信息的更具风险或高风险使用相关，这一点值得注意。
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