Thuringer Matilda, Zent Roy, Lennon Rachel, Plosa Erin J
Manchester Cell-Matrix Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA.
Matrix Biol. 2025 Sep;140:123-132. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2025.07.007. Epub 2025 Jul 28.
The primary function of the respiratory system is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide across the alveolar-capillary barrier in the distal lung. This structure is composed of alveolar epithelial cells (type 1 and type 2) and capillary endothelial cells, separated by a thin, fused alveolar basement membrane. The developmental programming that creates this specialized niche is largely unexplored and the role of lung basement membranes in respiratory disease pathogenesis and repair remains an emerging field of study. Thus, in this review, we discuss the distribution, composition, and function of the alveolar basement membrane, as well as the other three lung basement membranes that support the airway epithelium, airway smooth muscles, and the endothelium of the macrovasculature in lung development and disease.
呼吸系统的主要功能是在肺远端的肺泡-毛细血管屏障处进行氧气和二氧化碳的交换。该结构由肺泡上皮细胞（1型和2型）和毛细血管内皮细胞组成，中间隔着一层薄的、融合的肺泡基底膜。形成这种特殊微环境的发育程序在很大程度上尚未得到探索，肺基底膜在呼吸系统疾病发病机制和修复中的作用仍是一个新兴的研究领域。因此，在本综述中，我们讨论了肺泡基底膜的分布、组成和功能，以及在肺发育和疾病中支持气道上皮、气道平滑肌和大血管内皮的其他三种肺基底膜。
