Minetti Elio, Taschieri Silvio, Berardini Marco, Corbella Stefano
Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
IRCCS Orthopedic Institute "Galeazzi", Milan, Italy.
Int J Dent. 2025 Jul 23;2025:6646405. doi: 10.1155/ijod/6646405. eCollection 2025.
The use of dentin grafts is relatively recent, and their efficacy remains a topic of debate. Various techniques and devices are available for dentin grafting; however, their application has been inconsistent, as each method yields a distinct product with unique biological properties and potential uses. One of the challenges that arises with the introduction of a new biomaterial is the potential confusion between different preparations. Specifically, generalization may significantly impact the understanding of unique qualities and/or potential limitations. The various materials that make up the family of tooth-derived graft materials share only one common starting point: the patient's extracted tooth. Beyond that, the processes of grinding, demineralization, and detoxification differ significantly, resulting in final materials with completely different percentages of minerals, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), collagenic and noncollagenic proteins, and residual bacterial load. These differences influence the regenerative potential of one material compared to another, as well as the resorption rate. For instance, incomplete sterilization of the material can accelerate the resorption process, leading to insufficient regeneration. Here, we propose a classification of dentin grafts into four categories based on their processing methods. This classification aims to clarify the successes and challenges encountered to date, offering an objective framework to guide the ongoing development of these techniques. The aim of this study is to establish the first classification system of autogenous partial demineralized tooth-derived grafting biomaterials.
牙本质移植物的使用相对较新,其疗效仍是一个有争议的话题。有多种技术和器械可用于牙本质移植;然而,它们的应用并不一致,因为每种方法产生的产品都具有独特的生物学特性和潜在用途。引入一种新生物材料时出现的挑战之一是不同制剂之间可能存在混淆。具体而言,一概而论可能会严重影响对独特品质和/或潜在局限性的理解。构成牙源性移植物材料家族的各种材料只有一个共同的起点:患者拔除的牙齿。除此之外,研磨、脱矿和解毒过程差异很大,导致最终材料的矿物质、骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、胶原蛋白和非胶原蛋白以及残留细菌载量的百分比完全不同。与另一种材料相比,这些差异会影响一种材料的再生潜力以及吸收速率。例如,材料灭菌不完全会加速吸收过程,导致再生不足。在此,我们根据其加工方法将牙本质移植物分为四类。这种分类旨在阐明迄今为止遇到的成功和挑战,提供一个客观框架来指导这些技术的持续发展。本研究的目的是建立自体部分脱矿牙源性移植生物材料的首个分类系统。