Kawamorita Soichiro, Huang Shufang, Yoshida Atsushi, Suzuki Shuichi, Naota Takeshi
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, The University of Osaka, Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan.
Chemistry. 2025 Aug 13;31(45):e01670. doi: 10.1002/chem.202501670. Epub 2025 Jul 31.
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) has recently attracted considerable attention. Although phosphorescent transition-metal complexes exhibit significant potential as aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens), their exploration and utilization have remained limited, partly due to the insufficient understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we report a new series of platinum(II) complexes, trans-bis(2-iminomethylpyrrolato)platinum derivatives (1a-d), which feature vaulted polymethylene chains of varying lengths (n = 9-12) that bridge over the metal atom. Notably, racemic complexes 1b and 1d (with chain lengths of 10 and 12) exhibit strong yellow emission in the crystalline state (quantum yields of 24% and 33%, respectively), despite showing no emission in solution. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed face-to-face dimer packing in these emissive crystals, suggesting that dimer formation contributes to their enhanced emission. In contrast, complexes with odd-numbered chain lengths (1a and 1c) showed no such emission enhancement. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the minimum energy crossing point (MECP) between the excited triplet and ground state lies at significantly higher energy in the dimeric structure than in the monomer, suggesting suppression of nonradiative decay in the crystalline state. This work provides a design strategy for inducing solid-state phosphorescence by controlling the 3D molecular structure to facilitate favorable molecular stacking while suppressing nonradiative decay pathways.
聚集诱导发光(AIE)最近引起了广泛关注。尽管磷光过渡金属配合物作为聚集诱导发光剂(AIEgens)具有巨大潜力,但其探索和应用仍然有限,部分原因是对其潜在机制的理解不足。在此,我们报道了一系列新型铂(II)配合物,反式双(2-亚氨基甲基吡咯基)铂衍生物(1a-d),其具有跨越金属原子的不同长度(n = 9-12)的拱形聚亚甲基链。值得注意的是,外消旋配合物1b和1d(链长分别为10和12)在结晶状态下呈现强烈的黄色发射(量子产率分别为24%和33%),尽管在溶液中不发光。X射线衍射分析表明,这些发光晶体中存在面对面的二聚体堆积,这表明二聚体的形成有助于增强其发射。相比之下,具有奇数链长的配合物(1a和1c)没有这种发射增强现象。密度泛函理论(DFT)计算表明,激发三重态与基态之间的最低能量交叉点(MECP)在二聚体结构中的能量明显高于单体,这表明在结晶状态下非辐射衰变受到抑制。这项工作提供了一种设计策略,通过控制三维分子结构来诱导固态磷光,以促进有利的分子堆积,同时抑制非辐射衰变途径。