Han Y Catherine, Dworak Elizabeth M, Mansolf Maxwell, Adam Hubert, Yao Lihua, Novack Miriam A, Pila Sarah, Flynn Rachel M, Flagg Amanda M, Ustsinovich Vitali, Savio Kay, Byrne Greg J, Gershon Richard C, Kaat Aaron J
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medical Social Sciences, Chicago, IL, United States.
San Francisco State University, Department of Child & Adolescent Development, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Infant Behav Dev. 2025 Jul 30;80:102117. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2025.102117.
The NIH Baby Toolbox is a comprehensive battery of cognitive, motor, and social-emotional assessments designed for infants aged 1-42 months. Although many standardized, normed early developmental assessments exist, these measures are time-intensive, costly, and require trained experts to administer, score, and interpret. The Baby Toolbox is intended to serve as a "common currency" across developmental fields and provide an extension to the NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function® (NIHTB), which is appropriate for individuals from 3 to 90 years of age. The Baby Toolbox was normed using a nationally representative sample of infants and toddlers aged 16 days to 48 months old from the US population (N = 2515; n = 2042 English, n = 473 Spanish). The sample was weighted to match the US Census based on the demographic targets used to create the norming plan. After data collection, the demographic targets were updated to reflect the current figures. Cases were individually weighted to ensure representativeness. Unweighted and weighted demographics are reported herein. Scores were regressed on age in months (for ages where the tests or composites were appropriate) using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape to obtain expected reference values and standard deviations across age. The Baby Toolbox norming study has been designed to minimize bias and maximize representativeness and precision of estimates. The availability of a "toolbox" of tests built using modern measurement theory to address developmental concerns will be an important foundation for addressing critical research questions in infant neurological and behavioral health.
美国国立卫生研究院婴儿工具箱是一套针对1至42个月大婴儿的全面认知、运动和社会情感评估工具。尽管存在许多标准化、有常模的早期发育评估方法，但这些方法耗时、成本高，且需要训练有素的专家进行施测、评分和解读。婴儿工具箱旨在作为跨发育领域的“通用货币”，并作为美国国立卫生研究院神经和行为功能评估工具箱（NIHTB）的扩展，NIHTB适用于3至90岁的个体。婴儿工具箱使用来自美国人群的16天至48个月大的具有全国代表性的婴儿和幼儿样本进行常模制定（N = 2515；n = 2042为英语使用者，n = 473为西班牙语使用者）。根据用于制定常模计划的人口统计学目标，对样本进行加权以匹配美国人口普查数据。数据收集后，更新人口统计学目标以反映当前数据。对每个案例进行单独加权以确保代表性。本文报告了未加权和加权的人口统计学数据。使用位置、尺度和形状的广义相加模型，将分数与月龄（适用于测试或综合指标的年龄）进行回归，以获得各年龄的预期参考值和标准差。婴儿工具箱常模研究旨在尽量减少偏差，最大限度地提高估计的代表性和精度。利用现代测量理论构建的一套测试“工具箱”来解决发育问题，将为解决婴儿神经和行为健康方面的关键研究问题奠定重要基础。
