Farzana Fariha, Roy Tusar Kanti, Hossain Sk Arafat, Mazrin Mahjabin, Islam Md Saiful, Mahiddin Nor Aida, Jayoti Jayosri Roy, Ghosh Rituparna, Al Bakky Abdullah, Ismail Zulhilmi, Ibrahim Khalid A, Idris Abubakr M
Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 31;15(1):27970. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13651-7.
Little information was available on the general groundwater quality of Bangladesh's Ishwardi Upazila (peri-urban area). In the current study, 35 groundwater samples were collected from randomly chosen deep tube wells to determine the general quality of groundwater by water quality indices and whether it is fit for human consumption. Estimating pH, EC, TDS, and the concentrations of HCO, Cl, Fe, Mn, As, NO, PO, Zn, and Cu were used to assess groundwater quality. Using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), the Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and As concentrations were determined. HCO-, Fe, and Mn concentrations exceeded Bangladesh drinking water standards (BDWS) for drinking requirements in 100%, 23%, and 54% of samples, respectively. According to the water quality indicator, over 83% of the groundwater samples in the study area are unfit for human consumption. The hazard index (HI) and hazard quotient (HQ) have also been used to measure non-carcinogenic health concerns associated with groundwater drinking. By oral intake, people may be exposed to intolerable non-carcinogenic health risks in the peri-urban region (approximately 91% of samples exceeded the allowable level of HI). Additionally, residents may be at unfavorable risk for cancer due to arsenic (approximately 97% of water samples had levels of As above the permissible limits). Multivariate statistical analyses such as cluster and principal component analysis indicated that inappropriate waste disposal, industrial discharges from the Ishwardi export processing zone (EPZ), and agricultural runoff were potential sources of contaminants in groundwater. The study findings provide information to policymakers addressing groundwater pollution in the peri-urban area of Bangladesh to ensure sound health and socio-economic development of the study area in Bangladesh.
关于孟加拉国伊什瓦迪乌帕齐拉（城郊地区）的地下水总体质量，此前可用信息甚少。在本研究中，从随机选取的深管井采集了35份地下水样本，通过水质指标来确定地下水的总体质量，以及其是否适合人类饮用。通过估算pH值、电导率（EC）、总溶解固体（TDS）以及碳酸氢根（HCO）、氯离子（Cl）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、砷（As）、硝酸根（NO）、磷酸根（PO）、锌（Zn）和铜（Cu）的浓度来评估地下水质量。利用原子吸收光谱法（AAS）测定铁、锰、铜、锌和砷的浓度。分别有100%、23%和54%的样本中，碳酸氢根、铁和锰的浓度超过了孟加拉国饮用水标准（BDWS）中的饮用要求。根据水质指标，研究区域内超过83%的地下水样本不适合人类饮用。危害指数（HI）和危害商数（HQ）也被用于衡量与饮用地下水相关的非致癌健康问题。通过口服摄入，城郊地区的人们可能面临无法忍受的非致癌健康风险（约91%的样本超过了HI的允许水平）。此外，居民可能因砷面临患癌的不利风险（约97%的水样中砷含量高于允许限值）。聚类分析和主成分分析等多元统计分析表明，不当的废物处理、伊什瓦迪出口加工区（EPZ）的工业排放以及农业径流是地下水中污染物的潜在来源。研究结果为政策制定者提供了信息，以应对孟加拉国城郊地区的地下水污染问题，确保孟加拉国研究区域的健康和社会经济的良好发展。
