Reilly M S
Br J Ind Med. 1985 Dec;42(12):806-14. doi: 10.1136/oem.42.12.806.
After the catastrophic losses of three Hull deep sea trawlers in 1968, the Committee of Inquiry into Trawler Safety (CITS) was established. Fourteen months later, CITS reported on factors affecting the safety of deep sea trawlers and their crews. Pre-CITS (1961-70) and post-CITS (1971-80) crude mortality rates for accidents at work are compared for "deep sea" fishermen (those working on vessels greater than or equal to 24.4 m (80 feet) registered length) and "inshore" fishermen (those working on vessels less than 24.4 m). The ratio of deep sea to inshore fishermen had changed from 1:1.5 (1961) to 1:7.0 (1980), reflecting the radical restructuring of the fishing fleet that began in the early 1970s. Between 1961 and 1980, there were 909 recorded deaths at sea of United Kingdom fishermen. Of these, 711 (78%) were due to accidents (either from vessel losses or personal accidents) and 198 (22%) were due to unspecified disease, homicide, and suicide. Comparison of pre-CITS and post-CITS mean death rates showed an increase (+39%) for deep sea fishermen, a decrease (-4%) for inshore fisherman, and an increase (+2%) for both combined. For deep sea fishermen, there were synchronous increases in mortality from vessel losses (+32%) and from personal accidents (+49%, p less than 0.05) whereas the overall rate for inshore fishermen reflected a decrease (-33%, p less than 0.01) in deaths from personal accidents but an increase (+52%) in deaths from vessel losses. Although pre-CITS mortality rates exhibited no statistically significant difference between deep sea fisherman was significantly greater (p< 0.02). Compared with coal miners, fishermen were, on average, four times more likely to die from accidents at work. If CITS had reasonable cause for concern in 1969, the grounds for similar concern did not diminish because the evidence suggests that deep sea fishermen were at no lesser risk of death from accidents after CITS reported than before. Overall, both groups of fishermen experienced an accident mortality rate between 1961 and 1980 that showed no indication of improvement.
1968年，赫尔的3艘深海拖网渔船遭遇灾难性损失后，拖网渔船安全调查委员会（CITS）成立。14个月后，CITS报告了影响深海拖网渔船及其船员安全的因素。对“深海”渔民（在登记长度大于或等于24.4米（80英尺）的船只上工作的渔民）和“近海”渔民（在长度小于24.4米的船只上工作的渔民）在CITS成立前（1961 - 1970年）和成立后（1971 - 1980年）的工伤事故粗死亡率进行了比较。深海渔民与近海渔民的比例已从1961年的1:1.5变为1980年的1:7.0，这反映了始于20世纪70年代初的捕鱼船队的彻底重组。1961年至1980年期间，英国渔民有909例海上死亡记录。其中，711例（78%）是由于事故（船只损失或个人事故），198例（22%）是由于未明确的疾病、他杀和自杀。对CITS成立前后的平均死亡率进行比较，结果显示深海渔民死亡率上升（+39%），近海渔民死亡率下降（-4%），两者合计死亡率上升（+2%）。对于深海渔民，船只损失导致的死亡率（+32%）和个人事故导致的死亡率（+49%，p<0.05）同步上升，而近海渔民的总体死亡率反映出个人事故导致的死亡人数减少（-33%，p<0.01），但船只损失导致的死亡人数增加（+52%）。尽管CITS成立前深海渔民和近海渔民的死亡率在统计学上没有显著差异，但CITS成立后深海渔民的死亡率显著更高（p<0.02）。与煤矿工人相比，渔民在工作中死于事故的可能性平均高出四倍。如果CITS在1969年有合理的担忧理由，那么类似担忧的理由并未减少，因为有证据表明，在CITS报告后，深海渔民死于事故的风险并不比之前低。总体而言，1961年至1980年期间，两组渔民的事故死亡率均没有改善的迹象。
