Shani Maor, Wübbelt Kilian
Institute for Psychology, Osnabrück University, Germany.
Department of Social Sciences, Ariel University, Israel.
Health Psychol Open. 2025 Jul 26;12:20551029251349409. doi: 10.1177/20551029251349409. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Long COVID has been associated with stigmatization, prompting exploration of coping mechanisms. This cross-sectional study examined whether self-compassion and self-coldness mediate long-COVID stigma's effects on well-being. We surveyed 201 German adults with long-COVID (89% female; = 43.27, = 10.57). Most were officially diagnosed (88%), and 93% still experienced long-COVID symptoms at the time of survey. Measures included stigma, self-compassion, self-coldness, subjective well-being (SWB), and flourishing. Long-COVID stigma negatively correlated with SWB and flourishing. Higher self-compassion and lower self-coldness predicted better outcomes. Internalized stigma predicted lower flourishing through decreased self-compassion and increased self-coldness. In contrast, enacted stigma was associated with higher SWB and flourishing through lower self-coldness. Overall, mediation effects via self-coldness were significantly stronger than those via self-compassion, particularly in flourishing. These findings highlight the interplay between stigma, self-relating, and well-being, indicating both adaptive and maladaptive pathways. Interventions promoting self-compassion and reducing self-coldness may support holistic long-COVID care.
长期新冠后遗症与污名化有关，这促使人们探索应对机制。这项横断面研究调查了自我同情和自我冷漠是否介导了长期新冠后遗症污名对幸福感的影响。我们对201名患有长期新冠后遗症的德国成年人进行了调查（89%为女性；平均年龄 = 43.27岁，标准差 = 10.57岁）。大多数人得到了官方诊断（88%），并且93%的人在调查时仍有长期新冠后遗症症状。测量指标包括污名、自我同情、自我冷漠、主观幸福感（SWB）和蓬勃发展感。长期新冠后遗症污名与主观幸福感和蓬勃发展感呈负相关。更高的自我同情和更低的自我冷漠预示着更好的结果。内化污名通过降低自我同情和增加自我冷漠预示着更低的蓬勃发展感。相比之下，表现出的污名通过更低的自我冷漠与更高的主观幸福感和蓬勃发展感相关。总体而言，通过自我冷漠的中介效应显著强于通过自我同情的中介效应，尤其是在蓬勃发展感方面。这些发现凸显了污名、自我关系和幸福感之间的相互作用，表明了适应性和适应不良性途径。促进自我同情和减少自我冷漠的干预措施可能有助于长期新冠后遗症的全面护理。
