Zhang Min, Wei Long, Yi Ziyu
School of Economics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
School of Business, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 2;15(1):28275. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13395-4.
Against the backdrop of in-depth globalization, global innovation collaboration has emerged as a crucial methodology for countries to break through boundaries in innovation and secure technological gains. Governments of various countries (regions) have regarded global innovation collaboration as a strategic priority increasingly, seeking global scale resources and enthusiastically participating in global innovation networks (GINs). This study characterizes the structural features of GINs and examines their positive impact on the Global Value Chain (GVC). Specific reference is made to manufacturing industries. The results demonstrate that both the embedding breadth and the embedding depth of GINs significantly enhance the GVC position in manufacturing industries. Furthermore, the results show developed economies exhibit a pronounced improvement in manufacturing GVC positions, while developing economies face persistent risks like "low-end lock-in". To further investigate the heterogeneous effects of GINs embeddedness on developed and developing economies, this study introduces a new interaction term between intellectual property rights (IPR) protection and GINs embeddedness. The results reveal that strengthened IPR protection enhances the manufacturing GVC position in developed economies significantly, while it suppresses the manufacturing GVC upgrading in developing economies. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of GINs' impact and provide actionable insights for developing economies to design innovation collaboration strategies.
在深度全球化的背景下，全球创新合作已成为各国突破创新边界、获取技术成果的关键方法。世界各国（地区）政府日益将全球创新合作视为战略重点，寻求全球范围的资源并积极参与全球创新网络（GINs）。本研究刻画了全球创新网络的结构特征，并考察了其对全球价值链（GVC）的积极影响。具体以制造业为例。结果表明，全球创新网络的嵌入广度和嵌入深度均能显著提升制造业的全球价值链地位。此外，结果显示发达经济体在制造业全球价值链地位上有显著提升，而发展中经济体面临诸如“低端锁定”等持续风险。为进一步探究全球创新网络嵌入对发达经济体和发展中经济体的异质性影响，本研究引入了知识产权（IPR）保护与全球创新网络嵌入之间的新交互项。结果表明，加强知识产权保护能显著提升发达经济体的制造业全球价值链地位，而在发展中经济体中却抑制了制造业全球价值链的升级。这些发现有助于从理论上理解全球创新网络的影响，并为发展中经济体设计创新合作战略提供切实可行的见解。
