Assaad-Khalil Samir H, Bassyouni Atef, Toaima Dalia, Gawish Hanan Sotouhy, El Hefnawy Hesham, Megallaa Magdy, Abushady Manal, ElKafrawy Nabil, Hosny Salwa Seddik, Massoud Tarek Mohamed
Department of Internal Medicine, Unit of Diabetes, Lipidology & Metabolism, Alexandria University Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt
Department of Internal Medicine, National Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt.
BMJ Open. 2025 Aug 3;15(8):e092861. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-092861.
To estimate the prevalence of established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (eASCVD) and the prevalence of ASCVD high-risk patients as defined by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) among the Egyptian population of the Prevalence and Clinical Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes (PACT)-Middle East and Africa study.
An observational, multicentre, cross-sectional study.
Eight secondary care centres in Egypt.
550 adult males and females who provided informed consent and had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for at least 180 days. Participants were excluded if they had participated previously in the study, had been diagnosed with T1DM, experienced mental incapacity, were unwilling to participate, had a known language barrier precluding adequate understanding or cooperation or had a known congenital heart disease or malformation.
The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with eASCVD, while the secondary outcome was the proportion of patients with T2D with high risk of ASCVD and without eASCVD.
Prevalence of eASCVD was 108/550 (19.6%, 95% CI 16.5% to 23.2%), and the prevalence of high risk for ASCVD in the population without eASCVD was 378/442 (85.5%, 95% CI 81.9% to 88.5%). Approximately 99% of the study population was categorised as ESC very high risk or high risk for CVD. On assessing utilisation of antidiabetic medications with cardiovascular benefit, only 20% were receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and 3% were receiving glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues.
The prevalence of eASCVD and high risk for ASCVD in Egypt is alarming, and the inadequate pharmacological control increases the ASCVD burden in the T2DM population. This calls for immediate, comprehensive action to reassess T2DM care.
NCT05317845.
在“2型糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的患病率及临床管理（PACT）-中东和非洲”研究的埃及人群中，评估已确诊的动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（eASCVD）的患病率以及欧洲心脏病学会（ESC）定义的ASCVD高危患者的患病率。
一项观察性、多中心横断面研究。
埃及的8个二级护理中心。
550名成年男性和女性，他们提供了知情同意书，且已被诊断为2型糖尿病（T2DM）至少180天。如果参与者曾参与过该研究、被诊断为1型糖尿病、有精神障碍、不愿意参与、存在已知的语言障碍而无法充分理解或合作，或有已知的先天性心脏病或畸形，则被排除。
主要结局是eASCVD患者的比例，次要结局是无eASCVD的T2D且ASCVD高危患者的比例。
eASCVD的患病率为108/550（19.6%，95%CI 16.5%至23.2%），在无eASCVD的人群中，ASCVD高危患病率为378/442（85.5%，95%CI 81.9%至88.5%）。约99%的研究人群被归类为ESC极高危或心血管疾病高危。在评估具有心血管益处的抗糖尿病药物的使用情况时，只有20%的人正在接受钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂治疗，3%的人正在接受胰高血糖素样肽-1类似物治疗。
埃及eASCVD的患病率和ASCVD高危情况令人担忧，药物控制不足增加了T2DM人群的ASCVD负担。这需要立即采取全面行动，重新评估T2DM护理。
NCT05317845。
