Huang Zhijian, Wei Yujun, Zhang Jing, Chen Penghui, Zeng Hongzhen, Chen Sihui, Rao Longshi, Wu Jianing, Yu Shudong
School of Advanced Manufacturing, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
Small. 2025 Aug 3:e05931. doi: 10.1002/smll.202505931.
Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) offers a promising and eco-friendly approach to produce clean water efficiently. As a green and sustainable material, cellulose paper has been extensively used in ISSG. However, conventional methods for transforming cellulose paper into photothermal material are still cumbersome. In this work, a cellulose paper-based solar evaporator is fabricated by laser engraving. In detail, through a pretreatment process with a composite gelatin coating followed by laser direct writing, the study achieves one-step in-situ fabrication of cobalt-doped graphene on cellulose paper. The gelatin-based coating is formulated using cobalt nitrate and gelatin as precursor materials. The synergistic effects of cellulose paper's natural porous fibrous framework and gelatin coating enable the formation of a 3D porous graphene structure with superior capillary performance after laser engraving. Under 1 sun irradiation, the as-fabricated paper-based evaporator decorated with metallic cobalt and cobalt oxides nanoparticles achieves an evaporation rate of 1.50 kg m h with a 92.5% evaporation efficiency and excellent seawater desalination performance. The as-developed paper-based evaporator exhibits significant potential in seawater desalination and wastewater treatment, offering a practical technological pathway to produce freshwater.
界面太阳能蒸汽发生（ISSG）为高效生产清洁水提供了一种有前景且环保的方法。作为一种绿色可持续材料，纤维素纸已被广泛应用于ISSG。然而，将纤维素纸转化为光热材料的传统方法仍然繁琐。在这项工作中，通过激光雕刻制备了一种基于纤维素纸的太阳能蒸发器。具体而言，通过复合明胶涂层预处理后进行激光直写，该研究实现了在纤维素纸上一步原位制备钴掺杂石墨烯。基于明胶的涂层以硝酸钴和明胶作为前驱体材料配制而成。纤维素纸天然的多孔纤维框架与明胶涂层的协同作用，使得激光雕刻后能够形成具有优异毛细性能的三维多孔石墨烯结构。在1个太阳光照下，所制备的装饰有金属钴和钴氧化物纳米颗粒的纸基蒸发器实现了1.50 kg m⁻² h⁻¹的蒸发速率，蒸发效率达92.5%，并具有出色的海水淡化性能。所开发的纸基蒸发器在海水淡化和废水处理方面展现出巨大潜力，为生产淡水提供了一条切实可行的技术途径。
