Chen Xu, Li Wenming, Ma Yue, Zhang Wen, He Wenbo, Ding Fan, Guo Shun, Geng Dechun, Pan Guoqing
Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
Bioact Mater. 2025 Jul 25;53:480-494. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.07.038. eCollection 2025 Nov.
The repair of tissue injuries, particularly irregular bone defects, continues to pose a significant challenge in the surgical field. Long-term enhancements in mechanical support, inflammation control, and osteogenic activity are essential for effective treatment of bone defects. Despite the development of numerous scaffold materials for bone regeneration, their limitations in shape adaptability, tissue adhesion, and immunomodulatory capabilities have restricted their applications in repairing irregular bone defects. Herein, we introduce a supramolecular assembly strategy for fabricating scaffolds based on polyphenols, polypeptides, and clay nanosheets (CNSs). This method synergistically integrates robust bio-adhesion, superior mechanical properties, and immunoregulatory functionality into a self-healing hydrogel system designed for treating irregular bone defects. The catechol and guanidinium groups within the hydrogel enable strong adhesion to bone tissue while exhibiting excellent antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Furthermore, the incorporation of CNSs not only enhances the mechanical strength of the hydrogels but also significantly promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells through the release of bioactive ions. In vivo studies demonstrated that the mechanically nano-enhanced, bio-adhesive, and immunomodulatory hydrogel effectively adapts to defects, adheres to bone tissue, positively regulates the inflammatory microenvironment, and ultimately accelerates the healing of bone defects, representing a promising and versatile strategy for the regeneration of bone and other tissue injuries.
组织损伤的修复，尤其是不规则骨缺损的修复，在外科领域仍然是一项重大挑战。长期增强机械支撑、炎症控制和成骨活性对于有效治疗骨缺损至关重要。尽管已开发出多种用于骨再生的支架材料，但其在形状适应性、组织粘附和免疫调节能力方面的局限性限制了它们在修复不规则骨缺损中的应用。在此，我们介绍一种基于多酚、多肽和粘土纳米片（CNSs）制造支架的超分子组装策略。该方法将强大的生物粘附性、优异的机械性能和免疫调节功能协同整合到一个为治疗不规则骨缺损而设计的自愈水凝胶系统中。水凝胶中的儿茶酚和胍基团能够与骨组织形成强粘附，同时展现出出色的抗菌和免疫调节活性。此外，CNSs的加入不仅增强了水凝胶的机械强度，还通过生物活性离子的释放显著促进了骨间充质干细胞的成骨分化。体内研究表明，这种机械纳米增强、生物粘附和免疫调节的水凝胶能够有效适应缺损、粘附于骨组织、积极调节炎症微环境，并最终加速骨缺损的愈合，代表了一种用于骨和其他组织损伤再生的有前景且通用的策略。
