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用于精准RNA递送的智能纳米结构：在癌症治疗中利用内源性和外源性刺激

Smart Nanoarchitectures for Precision RNA Delivery: Harnessing Endogenous and Exogenous Stimuli in Cancer Treatment.

作者信息

Hao Jintao, Li Yue, Huang Lu, Qi Nannan, Sun Yanan, He Chaoxing, Yang Shaokun, Niu Zhiyun, Qi Xianrong, Xiang Bai

机构信息

Hebei Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.

Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, PR China.

出版信息

Theranostics. 2025 Jul 2;15(15):7747-7778. doi: 10.7150/thno.112492. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.7150/thno.112492
PMID:40756358
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12316030/
Abstract

RNA therapy holds great potential for cancer treatment owing to its ability to regulate gene expression precisely, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. However, RNA delivery faces several physiological challenges, including rapid degradation by nucleases, limited cellular uptake, and inefficient intracellular release. To address these limitations, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have been developed to enhance RNA delivery and improve therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. These intelligent systems are designed to respond to specific endogenous or exogenous stimuli (, pH, redox potential, enzyme, light, magnetic fields, and ultrasound), enabling targeted delivery and controlled RNA release. This review highlights recent advances in the design and mechanisms of stimuli-responsive RNA nanocarriers, emphasizing key research findings and exploring future perspectives for their clinical translation.

摘要

由于能够精确调节基因表达，从而抑制肿瘤生长和转移，RNA疗法在癌症治疗方面具有巨大潜力。然而，RNA递送面临若干生理挑战，包括被核酸酶快速降解、细胞摄取受限以及细胞内释放效率低下。为解决这些限制，已开发出刺激响应性纳米载体，以增强RNA递送并提高治疗效果，同时将副作用降至最低。这些智能系统旨在对特定的内源性或外源性刺激（如pH、氧化还原电位、酶、光、磁场和超声）做出响应，实现靶向递送和可控的RNA释放。本综述重点介绍了刺激响应性RNA纳米载体在设计和作用机制方面的最新进展，强调了关键研究发现，并探讨了其临床转化的未来前景。

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