McCrorie Paul, Johnstone Avril, Nicholls Natalie, Keime Marine, Jidovtseff Boris, Martin Anne
MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, Research Unit for a life-Course perspective on Health and Education, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
Int J Play. 2025 Jul 4;14(2):120-138. doi: 10.1080/21594937.2025.2508649. eCollection 2025.
Against a backdrop of generational declines in outdoor play and recent work demonstrating geo-cultural differences in adult perceptions of risk in outdoor play, this paper explores the relationships between gatekeeper (parent/practitioner) perceptions of dangers and benefits in outdoor risky play scenarios and young children's (aged 2-5 years old) experiences of outdoor play in Scotland, and whether these are moderated by being a parent or practitioner. A contextually relevant picture-based survey asked parents ( = 205) and practitioners ( = 151) to rate six different outdoor risky play scenarios based on their level of danger and benefits. The outcome variable was number of outdoor play scenarios children experienced. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were supported by the variables: respondent age, respondent experiences as a child, child age, perceptions of road traffic, and urbanicity of home/practitioner setting. Results suggested that an increasing number of perceived dangers was generally reflected in lower odds of the children having play experiences. This effect was consistent regardless of being a parent or practitioner. When perceived benefits were included in the model the effects of perceived danger became non-significant. Contributing Scottish evidence to the wider literature supports context specific intervention efforts promoting the benefits of outdoor (risky) play.
在户外玩耍呈代际减少的背景下，以及近期有研究表明不同地理文化背景下成年人对户外玩耍风险的认知存在差异，本文探讨了把关人（家长/从业者）对户外危险玩耍场景中危险和益处的认知与苏格兰幼儿（2至5岁）户外玩耍经历之间的关系，以及这些关系是否因把关人是家长还是从业者而有所不同。一项基于情境的图片调查要求家长（n = 205）和从业者（n = 151）根据六个不同户外危险玩耍场景的危险程度和益处进行评分。结果变量是儿童经历的户外玩耍场景数量。有序逻辑回归分析得到以下变量支持：受访者年龄、受访者儿时经历、儿童年龄、对道路交通的认知以及家庭/从业者所在环境的城市化程度。结果表明，普遍而言，感知到的危险增加通常反映为儿童有玩耍经历的几率降低。无论把关人是家长还是从业者，这种影响都是一致的。当模型中纳入感知到的益处时，感知到的危险的影响变得不显著。为更广泛的文献提供苏格兰的相关证据，支持开展因地制宜的干预措施，以促进户外（危险）玩耍的益处。
