Scherübl Zoltán, Kocsis Mátyás, Elalaily Tosson, Kupás Lőrinc, Berke Martin, Fülöp Gergő, Kanne Thomas, Berggren Karl K, Nygård Jesper, Csonka Szabolcs, Makk Péter
Department of Physics, Institute of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest H-1111, Hungary.
MTA-BME Superconducting Nanoelectronics Momentum Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest H-1111, Hungary.
ACS Nano. 2025 Aug 19;19(32):29207-29215. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c03718. Epub 2025 Aug 4.
Superconducting circuits are promising candidates for future computational architectures; however, practical applications require fast operation. Here, we demonstrate fast, gate-based switching of an Al nanowire-based superconducting switch in time-domain experiments. We apply voltage pulses to the gate while monitoring the microwave transmission of the device. Utilizing the usual leakage-based operation, these measurements yield a fast, 1-2 ns switching time to the normal state, possibly limited by the bandwidth of our setup, and a 15-20 ns delay in the normal to superconducting transition. However, having a significant capacitance between the gate and the device allows for a different operation, where the displacement current, induced by the fast gate pulses, drives the transition. The switching from superconducting to the normal state yields a similar fast time scale, while in the opposite direction the switching is significantly faster (4-6 ns) than the leakage-based operation, which may be further improved by a better thermal design. The measured short time scales and the displacement current-based switching operation will be important for future fast and low-power-consumption applications.
超导电路是未来计算架构的有前途的候选者；然而，实际应用需要快速操作。在这里，我们在时域实验中展示了基于铝纳米线的超导开关的快速、基于门的切换。我们在监测器件的微波传输时向门施加电压脉冲。利用通常基于泄漏的操作，这些测量产生了快速的、1 - 2纳秒的正常状态切换时间，这可能受到我们实验装置带宽的限制，以及从正常到超导转变的15 - 20纳秒延迟。然而，门和器件之间存在显著电容允许一种不同的操作，其中由快速门脉冲感应的位移电流驱动转变。从超导到正常状态的切换产生类似的快速时间尺度，而在相反方向上，切换比基于泄漏的操作显著更快（4 - 6纳秒），这可以通过更好的热设计进一步改进。测量到的短时间尺度和基于位移电流的切换操作对于未来快速和低功耗应用将是重要的。
