人体中的环境硫酸盐气溶胶沉积：模拟吸湿性的影响。
Ambient sulfate aerosol deposition in man: modeling the influence of hygroscopicity.
作者信息
Martonen T B, Barnett A E, Miller F J
出版信息
Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Nov;63:11-24. doi: 10.1289/ehp.856311.
Atmospheric sulfate aerosols [H2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, and NH4HSO4] are of international concern because of their global prevalence and potential irritant or toxic effects on humans. To assess hazards following inhalation exposure, the total dose delivered to the human respiratory tract and its regional distribution must be determined. The mass median aerodynamic diameter of the inhaled aerosol will influence the sites of deposition in the respiratory tract. Atmospheric sulfate aerosols are hygroscopic and will have changing particle sizes and densities as they absorb water vapor in the humid environment of the human respiratory tract. Experimental and theoretical data that describe particle size as a function of temperature and relative humidity were used in computer subroutines of an aerosol deposition model in order to calculate the dose dispersion of H2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, and NH4HSO4 aerosols in man. Different temperature and relative humidity environments that approximately correspond to nasal and oral breathing were studied. The predicted deposition patterns are very different from those of nonhygroscopic aerosols with identical inhaled mass median aerodynamic diameter values.
大气中的硫酸盐气溶胶[硫酸（H₂SO₄）、硫酸铵（(NH₄)₂SO₄）和硫酸氢铵（NH₄HSO₄）]因其在全球范围内的普遍存在以及对人类潜在的刺激或毒性作用而受到国际关注。为了评估吸入暴露后的危害，必须确定输送到人体呼吸道的总剂量及其区域分布。吸入气溶胶的质量中值空气动力学直径会影响其在呼吸道中的沉积部位。大气中的硫酸盐气溶胶具有吸湿性，在人体呼吸道的潮湿环境中吸收水蒸气时，其粒径和密度会发生变化。描述粒径随温度和相对湿度变化的实验和理论数据被用于气溶胶沉积模型的计算机子程序中，以计算硫酸（H₂SO₄）、硫酸铵（(NH₄)₂SO₄）和硫酸氢铵（NH₄HSO₄）气溶胶在人体中的剂量分布。研究了大致对应于鼻腔和口腔呼吸的不同温度和相对湿度环境。预测的沉积模式与吸入质量中值空气动力学直径相同的非吸湿性气溶胶的沉积模式有很大不同。
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