Sehat-Kashani Siavash, Naddaf Hadi, Hoveizi Elham
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Bioimpacts. 2025 Jul 1;15:30835. doi: 10.34172/bi.30835. eCollection 2025.
In this study, we utilized human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs), along with a novel fibrous nanocomposite scaffold made of polyacrylonitrile/metal-organic-framework (PAN/MOF-Cu) for bone tissue engineering. Additionally, we investigated the impact of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a stimulant for promoting osteogenic regeneration.
To assess our approach's effectiveness, four groups of rats were evaluated for the extent of bone tissue regeneration in their calvarial defects, 10 weeks post-surgery. Histomorphometry studies used various tissue staining methods, such as H&E and Masson's trichrome. Additionally, protein structures were extracted from the Protein Databank (PDB) and subjected to Molecular Docking using Molegro software.
The findings revealed that the PAN/MOF-Cu scaffold possesses remarkable characteristics conducive to cell adhesion and growth. Furthermore, histomorphometry analysis confirmed the osteoconductive properties of PAN/MOF-Cu, suggesting its significant potential for application in critical-sized bone defects, particularly when combined with EnMSCs. Additionally, the implantation of scaffold/EnMSCs/GQDs demonstrated a greater enhancement in forming new bone relative to the other experimental groups. This suggests that the presence of GQDs significantly enhances the process of bone repair. Docking results further indicated that GQDs can potentially act as agonists to ER, FGFR3, TGF-βR, and frizzled-8 during osteogenesis.
These findings provide further confirmation that the nanocomposite/cells/GQDs combination serves as an excellent platform for bone tissue engineering.
在本研究中，我们利用人子宫内膜间充质干细胞（EnMSCs），以及一种由聚丙烯腈/金属有机框架（PAN/MOF-Cu）制成的新型纤维纳米复合支架用于骨组织工程。此外，我们研究了石墨烯量子点（GQDs）作为促进成骨再生刺激剂的影响。
为评估我们方法的有效性，对四组大鼠颅骨缺损处骨组织再生程度进行了术后10周的评估。组织形态计量学研究使用了各种组织染色方法，如苏木精-伊红染色（H&E）和马松三色染色。此外，从蛋白质数据库（PDB）中提取蛋白质结构，并使用Molegro软件进行分子对接。
研究结果表明，PAN/MOF-Cu支架具有有利于细胞黏附和生长的显著特性。此外，组织形态计量学分析证实了PAN/MOF-Cu的骨传导特性，表明其在临界尺寸骨缺损应用中具有巨大潜力，特别是与EnMSCs联合使用时。此外，与其他实验组相比，支架/EnMSCs/GQDs植入物在形成新骨方面表现出更大的增强作用。这表明GQDs的存在显著增强了骨修复过程。对接结果进一步表明，GQDs在成骨过程中可能作为雌激素受体（ER）、成纤维细胞生长因子受体3（FGFR3）、转化生长因子-β受体（TGF-βR）和卷曲蛋白8（frizzled-8）的激动剂。
这些发现进一步证实了纳米复合材料/细胞/GQDs组合是骨组织工程的优良平台。
