Behavioral Alterations in Adolescents and Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Hospitalization Unit: An Analysis of Self-Injury.

BACKGROUND

Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), may present with behavioral disturbances, difficulties dealing with change, restricted interests and/or sensory disturbances. Among their characteristic behaviors are self-injurious behaviors that tend to be compulsive, unplanned, rhythmic and repetitive. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-injurious behaviors in hospitalized adolescents with ASD, depression and anxiety.

METHODS

The sample included 50 patients with ASD, aged between 14 and 27 years. These patients were assessed using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale (ADOS-2), the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), the Trait-State Anxiety Questionnaire, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) and the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS).

RESULTS

The results revealed significant and positive correlations between the level of self-injury and its dimensions: self-regulation (ρ = 0.861), sensation seeking and strength (ρ = 0.767), suicide avoidance (ρ = 0.732), revenge (ρ = 0.643), self-control (ρ = 0.700), manifestation of distress (ρ = 0.828) and blunting (ρ = 0.702).

CONCLUSIONS

There is evidence of a positive relationship between levels of self-harm and sensory defensiveness, specifically in the emotion avoidance profile.