肺癌化疗患者精神关怀需求的现状及影响因素：一项纵向观察性研究
Current status and influencing factors of spiritual care needs of patients with lung cancer in chemotherapy: a longitudinal observational study.
作者信息
Zheng Wenqiu, Tang Liyun, Chen Jing, Liu Lu, Zhou Xiaoping
机构信息
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, China.
Department of Nursing, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, China.
出版信息
Support Care Cancer. 2025 Aug 6;33(9):757. doi: 10.1007/s00520-025-09794-y.
PURPOSE
To explore the changing trend and influencing factors of spiritual care needs of lung cancer patients at different time points of chemotherapy, so as to provide intervention sensitive time points for formulating targeted intervention programs.
METHODS
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted to select 178 lung cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy in the oncology department of our hospital from August to December 2024. The study utilized a general data questionnaire, Chinese versions of the Nurses' Spiritual Care Scale, Chronic Disease Treatment Function Evaluation-Spiritual Health Scale, Self-perceived Burden Scale, Chronic Disease Management Self-efficacy Scale, and spiritual coping questionnaire at four time points: before chemotherapy (T), 1 month after chemotherapy (T), 2 months after chemotherapy (T), and 3 months after chemotherapy (T). Follow-up surveys were carried out both before and after chemotherapy.
RESULTS
A total of 165 patients completed 4 follow-up surveys, the effective recovery rate was 92.70%. The spiritual care need scores of lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy at 4 time points were (30.11 ± 3.74) points, (33.89 ± 4.06) points, (36.47 ± 3.96) points and (37.43 ± 3.72) points, respectively, showing a significant upward trend (P < 0.001). The results of generalized estimation equation analysis showed that the per capita monthly income of high level family, brother and sister of main carer, spiritual health-meaning, emotional burden, self-efficacy of disease common management and spiritual coping were the influencing factors of spiritual care needs of lung cancer patients with chemotherapy (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
In the future, it is imperative for nurses to promptly identify lung cancer chemotherapy patients who exhibit significant spiritual care needs and to deliver comprehensive and targeted spiritual support tailored to these individuals.
目的
探讨肺癌患者化疗不同时间点精神关怀需求的变化趋势及影响因素，为制定针对性干预方案提供干预敏感时间点。
方法
采用前瞻性纵向研究，选取2024年8月至12月在我院肿瘤科接受化疗的178例肺癌患者。研究在化疗前（T）、化疗后1个月（T）、化疗后2个月（T）、化疗后3个月（T）4个时间点使用一般资料问卷、中文版护士精神关怀量表、慢性病治疗功能评价-精神健康量表、自我感知负担量表、慢性病管理自我效能感量表及精神应对问卷进行调查。化疗前后均进行随访调查。
结果
共165例患者完成4次随访调查，有效回收率为92.70%。肺癌化疗患者4个时间点的精神关怀需求得分分别为（30.11±3.74）分、（33.89±4.06）分、（36.47±3.96）分和（37.43±3.72）分，呈显著上升趋势（P<0.001）。广义估计方程分析结果显示，家庭月收入高、主要照顾者的兄弟姐妹、精神健康-意义、情感负担、疾病共同管理自我效能感及精神应对是肺癌化疗患者精神关怀需求的影响因素（P<0.05）。
结论
未来，护士必须及时识别出精神关怀需求显著的肺癌化疗患者，并为这些患者提供全面且有针对性的精神支持。
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