Bonin Patrick, Thiebaut Gaëtan, Bugaiska Aurélia, Méot Alain
Université Bourgogne Europe, CNRS, LEAD UMR5022, Pôle AAFE-Esplanade Erasme, 21065, Dijon Cedex, France.
Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université Marie et Louis Pasteur, Besançon, France.
Mem Cognit. 2025 Aug 6. doi: 10.3758/s13421-025-01761-6.
When information is processed in the context of survival, it is particularly well remembered: the survival processing advantage. This effect has been obtained virtually by using word-rating tasks in which participants judge the relevance of words to a survival scenario using Likert scales. Here, we wanted to examine whether the survival processing advantage could be obtained using binary decisions. Participants had to quickly decide whether words were relevant in a survival scenario by giving either binary ("yes" or "no") or graded responses (using 5-point scales). These conditions were compared with pleasantness ratings, which were also given quickly as either binary or graded responses. In Study 1, the survival effect was replicated in the form of correct recall rates for graded ratings given without any time constraint. In Study 2, we found that the use of binary (vs. graded) responses did not alter the survival effect in correct recall rates. Clustering analyses provided little evidence of greater categorical clustering in the survival than in the pleasantness condition and revealed no reliable difference between the binary and graded decisions. Overall, there were more intrusions in the survival condition than in the pleasantness condition in Study 1, while only a trend was observed in Study 2. However, these were not affected by the type of response. Our studies extend the generality of the survival effect in memory and provide relevant information for discussing the potential involvement of elaboration as a proximate mechanism of this effect.
当信息在生存背景下被处理时，它会被特别清晰地记住：即生存处理优势。实际上，通过使用单词评级任务已经获得了这种效应，在该任务中，参与者使用李克特量表判断单词与生存场景的相关性。在此，我们想研究是否可以通过二元决策获得生存处理优势。参与者必须通过给出二元（“是”或“否”）或分级反应（使用5分量表）来快速决定单词在生存场景中是否相关。将这些条件与愉悦度评级进行比较，愉悦度评级也以二元或分级反应的形式快速给出。在研究1中，以无时间限制下给出的分级评级的正确回忆率的形式复制了生存效应。在研究2中，我们发现使用二元（与分级）反应并没有改变正确回忆率中的生存效应。聚类分析几乎没有提供证据表明在生存条件下比在愉悦度条件下有更大的类别聚类，并且揭示了二元决策和分级决策之间没有可靠的差异。总体而言，在研究1中，生存条件下的侵入比愉悦度条件下更多，而在研究2中只观察到一种趋势。然而，这些不受反应类型的影响。我们的研究扩展了记忆中生存效应的普遍性，并为讨论精细化作为这种效应的一种近端机制的潜在参与提供了相关信息。
