Şimşek İlker, Arslan Yüce Pınar, Kuzukiran Özgür, Yurdakök-Dikmen Begüm, Filazi Ayhan, Günal Aysel Çağlan
Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Environmental Health Program, Eldivan Vocational School of Health Services, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey.
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey.
J Appl Toxicol. 2025 Aug 6. doi: 10.1002/jat.4887.
Since phthalates, one of the plasticizers and endocrine disrupting compounds, are important chemicals that threaten ecosystem health, adipate derivatives have been developed as alternatives. However, information on the effects of adipates on aquatic organisms, which are nontarget species, is very limited. Therefore, in this study, the acute and sublethal effects of dibutyl adipate (DBA) on the freshwater mussel Unio delicatus were investigated. The 96-h lethal concentration (LC) of DBA was determined as 1309.64 mg/L. Sublethal effects were determined by biochemical and histopathological examinations following exposure to DBA concentrations of 25 mg/L (1/50 of the LC) and 65 mg/L (1/20 of the LC) for 96 h and 21 days. Malondialdehyde levels in the gill tissues of mussels exposed to 25-mg/L DBA increased significantly on the 21 days. Additionally, glutathione levels in the digestive gland and gill tissues of mussels exposed to 25-mg/L DBA increased at 96 h. According to advanced oxidation protein product results, there was a significant increase in the digestive gland tissue at 21 days of exposure for both DBA concentrations, while there was a significant decrease in the gill tissue at 25-mg/L DBA at both exposure times. Although there was no significant change in the total antioxidant status of the hemolymph, the total oxidant status of the hemolymph showed a significant increase over 21 days of exposure and decreased at 96 h of exposure. Histopathological changes were observed only in the gill and digestive gland tissues after exposure to DBA. The fact that exposure to sublethal DBA concentrations caused changes in biochemical and histopathological parameters in mussels suggests that it may have adverse effects on organisms living in aquatic ecosystems.
邻苯二甲酸盐作为增塑剂和内分泌干扰化合物之一，是威胁生态系统健康的重要化学物质，因此己二酸酯衍生物已被开发作为替代品。然而，关于己二酸酯对非目标物种水生生物影响的信息非常有限。因此，在本研究中，调查了己二酸二丁酯（DBA）对淡水贻贝Unio delicatus的急性和亚致死效应。DBA的96小时致死浓度（LC）确定为1309.64mg/L。在暴露于25mg/L（LC的1/50）和65mg/L（LC的1/20）的DBA浓度96小时和21天后，通过生化和组织病理学检查确定亚致死效应。暴露于25mg/L DBA的贻贝鳃组织中的丙二醛水平在第21天显著增加。此外，暴露于25mg/L DBA的贻贝消化腺和鳃组织中的谷胱甘肽水平在96小时时增加。根据晚期氧化蛋白产物结果，两种DBA浓度在暴露21天时消化腺组织均显著增加，而在25mg/L DBA时，鳃组织在两个暴露时间均显著减少。虽然血淋巴的总抗氧化状态没有显著变化，但血淋巴的总氧化状态在暴露21天时显著增加，在暴露96小时时下降。暴露于DBA后仅在鳃和消化腺组织中观察到组织病理学变化。暴露于亚致死DBA浓度会导致贻贝生化和组织病理学参数发生变化，这一事实表明它可能对水生生态系统中的生物产生不利影响。
