Li Zirui, Chen Xin, Han Shuai, Wu Anhua
Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 6;25(1):2670. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23982-9.
Brain and central nervous system (CNS) cancers impose a substantial and growing disease burden in China, marked by elevated mortality and disability rates. Understanding disparities in cancer control strategies between China and developed countries (the US, the UK, and Japan) may inform evidence-based policy improvements.
Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, we analyzed incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for brain and CNS cancers (1990-2021). Trends were assessed via estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), while frontier analysis evaluated disease burden reduction capacity relative to socioeconomic development. Health inequalities were measured using the Slope Inequality Index (SII) and Concentration Index. Future trends were projected via ARIMA models.
In 2021, China reported 105,541 new cases and 68,911 deaths. While China had lower age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and prevalence (ASPR) rates than comparison nations, its DALYs rate was higher. From 1990 to 2021, ASIR and ASPR increased universally, whereas age-standardized mortality (ASMR) and DALYs (ASDR) declined in China, the US, and the UK but rose in Japan. High-SDI regions exhibited greater burden mitigation capacity, with widening cross-country inequalities. Projections indicate rising ASIR in all nations by 2036.
Despite declining mortality, China's brain and CNS cancer burden remains disproportionately high. Policymakers should integrate effective strategies from developed nations while tailoring interventions to China's unique epidemiological and healthcare context.
脑癌和中枢神经系统（CNS）癌症在中国造成了巨大且不断增加的疾病负担，其死亡率和残疾率居高不下。了解中国与发达国家（美国、英国和日本）在癌症控制策略上的差异，可能有助于基于证据改进政策。
利用全球疾病负担（GBD）2021数据，我们分析了1990 - 2021年脑癌和中枢神经系统癌症的发病率、患病率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）。通过估计年百分比变化（EAPC）评估趋势，同时前沿分析评估相对于社会经济发展的疾病负担减轻能力。使用斜率不平等指数（SII）和集中指数衡量健康不平等。通过自回归积分移动平均（ARIMA）模型预测未来趋势。
2021年，中国报告了105541例新发病例和68911例死亡病例。虽然中国的年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）和患病率（ASPR）低于对比国家，但其伤残调整生命年率更高。1990年至2021年，ASIR和ASPR普遍上升，而中国、美国和英国的年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）和伤残调整生命年（ASDR）下降，日本则上升。高社会人口指数（SDI）地区表现出更大的负担减轻能力，跨国不平等在扩大。预测表明，到2036年所有国家的ASIR都将上升。
尽管死亡率在下降，但中国的脑癌和中枢神经系统癌症负担仍然过高。政策制定者应整合发达国家的有效策略，同时根据中国独特的流行病学和医疗背景调整干预措施
