Fu Xiaonv, Zhao Mingzhe, Luo Mingjin, Ye Chenxia, Wei Yating, Cao Janyue, Song Haidong
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jul 23;16:1583373. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1583373. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant risk factor for suicide and has emerged as a growing public health concern among adolescents. Despite its severity, the consultation rate for NSSI among secondary school students remains notably low. While previous research has explored formal and informal help-seeking behaviors related to NSSI. In order to address this gap, this study aims to investigate the consultation rate and identify key factors associated with seeking medical treatment for NSSI. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving participants aged 12-20 years. The types and frequencies of NSSI were assessed using the Adolescent Self-Harm Questionnaire. Treatment-seeking behavior was evaluated through a self-developed questionnaire. Participants were recruited from both non-clinical settings (schools) and clinical settings (a tertiary hospital). Logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with seeking professional consultation for NSSI. RESULTS: The consultation rate for NSSI was 15.64%. A total of 1,777 valid questionnaires were collected, including 1,586 non-clinical samples from secondary schools and 191 clinical samples. Factors positively associated with seeking medical treatment among secondary school students with NSSI included family awareness ( = 10.452, 95% = 5.719-19.100, < 0.001), being an only child ( = 4.452, 95%CI = 1.847-10.730, = 0.001), help-seeking behavior ( = 2.694, 95% = 1.285-5.647, = 0.009), older age ( = 2.137, 95% = 1.630-2.801, < 0.001), female ( = 1.919, 95% = 1.002-3.676, = 0.049), family income ( = 1.699, 95% = 1.214-2.377, = 0.002). No statistically significant associations were observed for educational stage, residential area, maternal education level, or maternal relationship in relation to treatment-seeking behavior. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a low consultation rate (15.64%) for NSSI among adolescents. Family awareness, being an only child, seeking help or not, age, and family income are factors influencing the seeking of medical treatment. Among these, family awareness has the greatest impact, followed by Seeking help or not. We appeal to parents to pay attention to the mental health of adolescents, build a good family relationship, and make efforts to promote the seeking of medical treatment.
背景：非自杀性自伤（NSSI）是自杀的一个重要风险因素，并且已成为青少年中日益受到关注的公共卫生问题。尽管其严重性，但中学生中NSSI的咨询率仍然显著较低。虽然先前的研究已经探讨了与NSSI相关的正式和非正式求助行为。为了填补这一空白，本研究旨在调查咨询率，并确定与寻求NSSI治疗相关的关键因素。 方法：我们进行了一项横断面研究，涉及年龄在12至20岁的参与者。使用青少年自我伤害问卷评估NSSI的类型和频率。通过自行编制的问卷评估寻求治疗的行为。参与者从非临床环境（学校）和临床环境（一家三级医院）招募。采用逻辑回归分析来确定与寻求NSSI专业咨询相关的因素。 结果：NSSI的咨询率为15.64%。共收集到1777份有效问卷，包括来自中学的1586份非临床样本和191份临床样本。在患有NSSI的中学生中，与寻求医疗治疗呈正相关的因素包括家庭意识（β = 10.452，95%CI = 5.719 - 19.100，P < 0.001）、独生子女（β = 4.452，95%CI = 1.847 - 10.730，P = 0.001）、求助行为（β = 2.694，95%CI = 1.285 - 5.647，P = 0.009）年龄较大（β = 2.137，95%CI = 1.630 - 2.801，P < 0.001）、女性（β = 1.919，95%CI = 1.002 - 3.676，P = 0.049）、家庭收入（β = 1.699，95%CI = 1.214 - 2.377，P = 0.002）。在寻求治疗行为方面，未观察到教育阶段、居住地区、母亲教育水平或母子关系有统计学意义的关联。 结论：本研究揭示青少年中NSSI的咨询率较低（15.64%）。家庭意识、独生子女身份、是否寻求帮助、年龄和家庭收入是影响寻求医疗治疗的因素。其中，家庭意识影响最大，其次是是否寻求帮助。我们呼吁家长关注青少年的心理健康，建立良好的家庭关系，并努力促进其寻求医疗治疗。
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