Kholmatova Kamila, Krettek Alexandra, Dvoryashina Irina V, Malyutina Sofia, Cook Sarah, Avdeeva Ekaterina, Kudryavtsev Alexander V
Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
International Research Competence Centre, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2025 Aug 1;18:2641-2653. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S491261. eCollection 2025.
Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) is an anthropometric index with limited data on its population distribution. The aim was to establish WHtR reference values and investigate WHtR associations with socio-demographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics in Russian adults.
We used data from the population-based cross-sectional Know Your Heart study (2015-2018, Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk, N = 4495, 58.1% of women, 35-69 years, mean age 54.0). Age-adjusted WHtR reference values for the total study population and by sex were modeled as marginal 5th-95th percentiles (P5-P95) through quantile regressions. WHtR associations with cardiovascular biomarkers were assessed using linear regressions.
The conventional WHtR threshold of 0.5 for abdominal obesity was the value of P25, while P50 and P75 values were 0.54 and 0.60. In ages 35-49 years, P5-P50 values were higher in men. In the age group 60-69 years, P25-P95 values were higher in women. In both sexes, WHtR was associated with age, city of residence, not having university education and low physical activity; in women - with poor financial situation, in men - with being married, non-smoking and hazardous drinking. Among clinical parameters, C-reactive protein had the strongest positive association with WHtR in both sexes, while HDL cholesterol had the strongest negative association. Each standard deviation (SD) change in ln-transformed C-reactive protein was associated with 0.435 and 0.321 SD increase in WHtR in women and men, respectively. One SD increase in HDL cholesterol was associated with -0.334 SD change in WHtR in women and with corresponding change of -0.297 SD in men. In women, WHtR had stronger associations with age, university education, poor financial situation, blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, and ln-transformed C-reactive protein, in men - with being married, current smoking, LDL and non-HDL cholesterol, and HbA1c.
Three-quarters of the study population had WHtR values exceeding the conventional threshold for abdominal obesity. Men and women differed in the WHtR associations with socio-demographic and lifestyle risk factors, biomarkers of inflammation, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. WHtR is a useful cardiovascular risk indicator in a Russian adult population.
腰高比（WHtR）是一种人体测量指标，其人群分布数据有限。本研究旨在确定俄罗斯成年人的WHtR参考值，并探讨WHtR与社会人口学、生活方式及临床特征之间的关联。
我们使用了基于人群的横断面“了解你的心脏”研究（2015 - 2018年，阿尔汉格尔斯克和新西伯利亚，N = 4495，女性占58.1%，年龄35 - 69岁，平均年龄54.0岁）的数据。通过分位数回归将总研究人群及按性别划分的年龄调整后的WHtR参考值建模为边缘第5 - 95百分位数（P5 - P95）。使用线性回归评估WHtR与心血管生物标志物之间的关联。
腹部肥胖的传统WHtR阈值0.5为第25百分位数，而第50和第75百分位数分别为0.54和0.60。在35 - 49岁年龄段，男性的P5 - P50值更高。在60 - 69岁年龄组，女性的P25 - P95值更高。在男女两性中，WHtR均与年龄、居住城市、未接受大学教育以及低体力活动相关；在女性中还与经济状况差相关，在男性中与已婚、不吸烟和有害饮酒相关。在临床参数中，C反应蛋白在男女两性中与WHtR的正相关性最强，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的负相关性最强。ln转换后的C反应蛋白每变化一个标准差（SD），女性和男性的WHtR分别增加0.435和0.321个SD。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇每增加一个SD，女性的WHtR变化-0.334个SD，男性相应变化-0.297个SD。在女性中，WHtR与年龄、大学教育、经济状况差、血压、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及ln转换后的C反应蛋白的关联更强；在男性中，与已婚、当前吸烟、低密度脂蛋白和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及糖化血红蛋白的关联更强。
四分之三的研究人群的WHtR值超过了腹部肥胖的传统阈值。男女在WHtR与社会人口学和生活方式风险因素、炎症生物标志物、高血压、血脂异常及糖尿病之间的关联存在差异。WHtR是俄罗斯成年人群中一个有用的心血管风险指标。
