Huang Yaqin, Wu Jian, Zheng Li, Huang Gen, Li Bin, Gan Lihong, Yao Ling
Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China.
Dose Response. 2025 Aug 5;23(3):15593258251349653. doi: 10.1177/15593258251349653. eCollection 2025 Jul-Sep.
Ginseng and its extracts have shown promising therapeutic effects on gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to investigate the functions and potential mechanisms of Ginsenoside Rk1 (Rk1) on GC.
GC cell lines were treated with different doses of Rk1. The CCK-8 assay and BrdU assay were used to measure cell viability and proliferation. A Transwell assay was used to evaluate cell invasion and migration. A TUNEL assay was used to assess cell apoptosis. RT-PCR was conducted to detect apoptosis-associated genes. Western blotting was used to determine the activation of the AMPK/mTOR pathway. An in vivo tumor-bearing nude mouse model was to investigate the impact of Rk1 on tumor growth.
Rk1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of GC cells and promoted cell apoptosis. It also enhances the sensitivity of GC cells to chemotherapy drugs (including 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, cisplatin, and oxaliplatin). Mechanistically, Rk1 increased AMPK phosphorylation and repressed mTOR phosphorylation. AMPK inhibition strongly decreased the inhibitory effect of Rk1 on GC cells. assays suggested that Rk1 considerably hindered GC growth and had synergistic effects when combined with cisplatin or oxaliplatin.
Ginsenoside Rk1 exerts an antitumor effect on GC by activating the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
人参及其提取物已显示出对胃癌（GC）有良好的治疗效果。我们旨在研究人参皂苷Rk1（Rk1）对GC的作用及其潜在机制。
用不同剂量的Rk1处理GC细胞系。采用CCK-8法和BrdU法检测细胞活力和增殖。采用Transwell法评估细胞侵袭和迁移能力。采用TUNEL法评估细胞凋亡情况。进行RT-PCR检测凋亡相关基因。采用蛋白质免疫印迹法检测AMPK/mTOR信号通路的激活情况。建立体内荷瘤裸鼠模型以研究Rk1对肿瘤生长的影响。
Rk1抑制GC细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和上皮-间质转化（EMT），并促进细胞凋亡。它还增强了GC细胞对化疗药物（包括5-氟尿嘧啶、长春新碱、顺铂和奥沙利铂）的敏感性。机制上，Rk1增加了AMPK的磷酸化并抑制了mTOR的磷酸化。抑制AMPK可显著降低Rk1对GC细胞的抑制作用。体内实验表明，Rk1能显著抑制GC生长，与顺铂或奥沙利铂联合使用时有协同作用。
人参皂苷Rk1通过激活AMPK/mTOR信号通路对GC发挥抗肿瘤作用。
