Ayuso-Diaz Victor M, Colli-Garcia Jonathan J, Hernandez-Pat Michelle A
Division of Research and Education, Medical Care and Research Center, Yucatán, MEX.
Genomic-Metabolic Unit, Marista University of Merida, Yucatán, MEX.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 7;17(7):e87477. doi: 10.7759/cureus.87477. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, non-communicable disease that is becoming increasingly prevalent around the world, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Patient education plays a critical role in promoting the self-care behaviours that are essential for glycemic control and preventing complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led educational intervention in improving diabetes knowledge in adults with T2DM, as measured by the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24). Materials and methods A quasi-experimental pre-post study was conducted at the Medical Care and Research Centre in Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, from April to May 2025. Thirty adult patients with confirmed T2DM and no prior structured diabetes education participated in a three-session educational programme delivered by trained nurses. The DKQ-24 was administered before and after the intervention. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were used to analyse changes in total and domain-specific knowledge scores. A Shapiro-Wilk test confirmed normality, with a significance level of p < 0.05 applied. Results The mean DKQ-24 score increased significantly from 24.1 ± 5.8 to 26.4 ± 4.5 (p = 0.0039). Notable improvements were seen in items addressing misconceptions about special diets, wound care, and insulin production. The most significant knowledge gains occurred in the disease control and complications domain. Nine out of 24 items showed statistically significant improvement post-intervention. Conclusion A brief educational intervention led by nurses significantly improved patients' knowledge of diabetes, particularly by dispelling persistent myths. These findings highlight the important role of nurses in therapeutic education and support the incorporation of structured educational programmes into clinical diabetes care.
目的 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）是一种慢性非传染性疾病，在全球范围内日益普遍，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家。患者教育在促进对血糖控制和预防并发症至关重要的自我护理行为方面发挥着关键作用。本研究的目的是评估由护士主导的教育干预对提高 T2DM 成年患者糖尿病知识的有效性，以糖尿病知识问卷（DKQ - 24）进行衡量。材料和方法 2025 年 4 月至 5 月在墨西哥尤卡坦州梅里达的医疗护理与研究中心进行了一项准实验前后对照研究。30 名确诊为 T2DM 且之前未接受过结构化糖尿病教育的成年患者参加了由经过培训的护士提供的为期三节课的教育项目。在干预前后进行 DKQ - 24 测试。使用描述性统计和配对 t 检验来分析总分和特定领域知识得分的变化。Shapiro - Wilk 检验确认数据呈正态分布，应用显著性水平 p < 0.05。结果 DKQ - 24 的平均得分从 24.1 ± 5.8 显著提高到 26.4 ± 4.5（p = 0.0039）。在关于特殊饮食误解、伤口护理和胰岛素产生的项目上有显著改善。在疾病控制和并发症领域知识增长最为显著。24 个项目中有 9 个在干预后显示出统计学上的显著改善。结论 由护士主导的简短教育干预显著提高了患者对糖尿病的认识，特别是消除了长期存在的误解。这些发现突出了护士在治疗性教育中的重要作用，并支持将结构化教育项目纳入临床糖尿病护理。
