[Impact of educational intervention in a population with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

INTRODUCTION

The complications associated with the chronic pathophysiological process of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a significant impact on the affected population. The Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) determines the level of knowledge about diabetes, providing health professionals with information to carry out useful educational interventions and prevent both acute and chronic complications of the disease

OBJECTIVE

To assess the long-term effect of implementing a hospital-based therapeutic diabetes education model (self-care and knowledge) on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a population from southern Colombia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Longitudinal study, prospective type, conducted on 60 hospitalized T2DM patients. The DKQ-24 was used for pre-assessment, and after 90 days, it was administered again, along with the collection of biometric variables. The intervention consisted of 5 sessions of therapeutic diabetes education in hospital settings.

RESULTS

The average results according to the DKQ-2 questionnaire pre-intervention (10.13±3.28) and post-intervention (20.13±2.77) showed significant differences (p<0.000). The biometric profile indicated significant differences (p<0.000) during pre and post-intervention, except for systolic blood pressure (p=0.275). The Cronbach's alpha for the DKQ 24 had an adequate value of 0.86. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for average measures was 0.860, considered "good" (p<0.000).

CONCLUSIONS

The diabetes educational intervention demonstrated significant changes in basic knowledge levels regarding the disease, glycemic control, and complication prevention, improving the patient's biometric profile and highlighting its importance.