Wang Xin, Wang Yan, Bu Yijie, Liu Yu, Gong Sheng, Che Guowei
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Plateau Medicine of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery/Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025 Jul 23;13:1552126. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1552126. eCollection 2025.
Concurrent pulmonary diseases are common in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, whether GERD increase the incidence of pulmonary diseases is uncertain because of a lack of quantitative evidence. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine whether GERD was associated with the increased incidence of subsequent of pulmonary diseases.
The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched through 12 July 2024. The primary outcomes were asthma and pneumonia, and the secondary outcomes were pulmonary fibrosis (PF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, interstitial lung disease (ILD), bronchiectasis, bronchitis, acute lung injury (ALI), pulmonary embolism, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTMPD). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate the associations of prior GERD with the incidence of pulmonary diseases, and subgroup analyses based on the treatment of GERD, age and source of OR were performed.
A total of 45 cohort studies were included. The pooled results indicated that GERD was significantly linked to an increased incidence of asthma (OR = 1.50, P < 0.001) and pneumonia (OR = 1.53, P < 0.001), as did PF (OR = 1.43, P = 0.001), COPD (OR = 1.41, P = 0.004), lung cancer (OR = 1.51, P < 0.001), ILD (OR = 1.28, P = 0.015), bronchiectasis (OR = 1.63, P = 0.039), bronchitis (OR = 1.24, P < 0.001), ALI (OR = 2.07, P < 0.001), pulmonary embolism (OR = 1.33, P = 0.013), PTB (OR = 1.63, P = 0.015) and NTMPD (OR = 3.36, P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses stratified by age and source of OR yielded similar results. However, no significant associations between treated GERD and the incidence of asthma (OR = 1.27, P = 0.081) or lung cancer (OR = 1.01, P = 0.97) were observed.
The presence of GERD is associated with an increased incidence of subsequent various pulmonary diseases, but regular treatment may eliminate this effect. These findings highlight the importance of screening and management for pulmonary diseases and of standardized therapy in patients with GERD.
INPLASY202490013.
并发肺部疾病在胃食管反流病（GERD）患者中很常见。然而，由于缺乏定量证据，GERD是否会增加肺部疾病的发病率尚不确定。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以确定GERD是否与随后肺部疾病发病率的增加有关。
检索截至2024年7月12日的PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆数据库。主要结局为哮喘和肺炎，次要结局为肺纤维化（PF）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、肺癌、间质性肺疾病（ILD）、支气管扩张、支气管炎、急性肺损伤（ALI）、肺栓塞、肺结核（PTB）和非结核分枝杆菌肺病（NTMPD）。计算95%置信区间（CI）的比值比（OR），以研究既往GERD与肺部疾病发病率之间的关联，并基于GERD治疗、年龄和OR来源进行亚组分析。
共纳入45项队列研究。汇总结果表明，GERD与哮喘（OR = 1.50，P < 0.001）、肺炎（OR = 1.53，P < 0.001）、PF（OR = 1.43，P = 0.001）、COPD（OR = 1.41，P = 0.004）、肺癌（OR = 1.51，P < 0.001）、ILD（OR = 1.28，P = 0.015）、支气管扩张（OR = 1.63，P = 0.039）、支气管炎（OR = 1.24，P < 0.001）、ALI（OR = 2.07，P < 0.001）、肺栓塞（OR = 1.33，P = 0.013）、PTB（OR = 1.63，P = 0.015）和NTMPD（OR = 3.36，P < 0.001）发病率的增加显著相关。按年龄和OR来源分层的亚组分析得出了相似的结果。然而，未观察到经治疗的GERD与哮喘（OR = 1.27，P = 0.081）或肺癌（OR = 1.01，P = 0.97）发病率之间存在显著关联。
GERD的存在与随后各种肺部疾病发病率的增加有关，但规律治疗可能消除这种影响。这些发现凸显了对肺部疾病进行筛查和管理以及对GERD患者进行标准化治疗的重要性。
INPLASY202490013。
