Factors associated with prostate cancer screening among Hispanic men: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

BACKGROUND

Disparities exist in prostate cancer (PCa) treatment and outcomes among Hispanic/Latino men. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of PCa screening among Hispanic men of diverse backgrounds.

METHODS

Among men aged 40+ years (n = 3484) who participated in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, the prevalence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening and the odds of ever having a PSA test, given sociodemographic, psychosocial, medical, and health care access factors, were estimated.

RESULTS

PSA screening increased with age (40-54 years, 20%; 55-69 years, 46%; 70+ years, 56%). Compared to White Hispanic men, Black Hispanic men had the lowest odds of screening (odds ratio [OR], 0.24 for age 40-54 years; OR, 0.31 for age 55-69 years). Compared to men of Mexican descent, men of Cuban descent had the lowest odds of screening (OR, 0.41 for age 55-69 years; OR, 0.32 for age 70+ years). Among those aged 40-54 years, younger age, lower family cohesion, lower chronic stress, and not having a designated primary care site predicted a lack of PSA screening. For men aged 55-69 years, lower body mass index, low social support, no primary care provider (PCP), and remote routine checkups predicted a lack of PSA screening. For men aged 70+ years, the odds of screening decreased with low educational attainment and not having a PCP.

CONCLUSIONS

Black Hispanics are significantly less likely to receive PSA screening compared with non-Black Hispanic counterparts. Cuban heritage and poor primary or routine health care access also predicted lower screening. These findings underscore the screening heterogeneity in this diverse community, and highlight areas of targeted intervention to reduce disparities.