Liu Jida, Wang Yuxin, Song Yuwei, Li Qiaoqiao
School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 7;25(1):2687. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24027-x.
Emergency scientific research (ESR) is characterized by multidisciplinary integration, multidemand matching, and multiscenario application, which impose greater applicability requirements and tolerance for costs than conventional scientific research does. Analyzing the implementation law of ESR may serve as a reference to strengthen deployment and optimize the layout strategy of ESR. This study systematically compares the differences between the solicitation and approval of ESR projects by analyzing the projects deployed by the Chinese government during the COVID-19 outbreak.
On the basis of 1,654 ESR project records collected from provincial-level governments across China (333 solicitations and 1,321 approvals), we apply descriptive statistical methods and structural metrics via social network analysis to construct "subject-research direction" 2-mode networks and association networks. The characteristics and rules of the ESR layout are systematically traced and classified from the perspectives of quantitative distribution, regional distribution, and resource distribution.
The key directions of ESR for public health emergencies can be divided into three categories: urgent directions required in the initial stage of public health emergencies; sustained directions for multiphase response in different emergency stages; and expandable directions that have been proven effective in practice and can improve long-term governance. The clear divergence between the solicitation and approval phases illustrates the system's dynamic adaptation to emerging needs and innovation uncertainties. This study also shows that ESR deployment is influenced by existing scientific research capabilities and regional advantages while requiring multipath exploration and resource synergy to achieve the optimal configuration.
The effective deployment of ESR demands cross-regional coordination, real-time matching of needs and resources, and institutional feedback loops to ensure that research outputs are timely and actionable. By synthesizing layout rules in terms of quantity, regional coordination, and resource integration, this study contributes theoretical foundations and practical strategies for improving ESR system design in future public health emergencies.
应急科学研究（ESR）具有多学科融合、多需求匹配和多场景应用的特点，与传统科学研究相比，对适用性和成本容忍度有更高要求。分析应急科学研究的实施规律可为加强应急科学研究的部署和优化布局策略提供参考。本研究通过分析中国政府在新冠疫情期间部署的项目，系统比较了应急科学研究项目征集与审批之间的差异。
基于从中国省级政府收集的1654条应急科学研究项目记录（333条征集项目和1321条获批项目），我们运用描述性统计方法和社会网络分析的结构指标构建“主题-研究方向”二模网络和关联网络。从定量分布、区域分布和资源分布的角度，系统追踪和分类应急科学研究布局的特征和规律。
突发公共卫生事件应急科学研究的关键方向可分为三类：突发公共卫生事件初期所需的紧急方向；不同应急阶段多阶段响应的持续方向；在实践中已被证明有效且可改善长期治理的可扩展方向。征集阶段和审批阶段之间的明显差异表明该系统对新出现的需求和创新不确定性具有动态适应性。本研究还表明，应急科学研究部署受现有科研能力和区域优势的影响，同时需要多路径探索和资源协同以实现最优配置。
应急科学研究的有效部署需要跨区域协调、需求与资源的实时匹配以及制度反馈回路，以确保研究成果及时且可付诸行动。通过综合数量、区域协调和资源整合方面的布局规则，本研究为未来突发公共卫生事件中改进应急科学研究系统设计提供了理论基础和实践策略。
