Maimaiti Mairihaba, Zhu Hongling, Zeng Hesong
Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China, 86 13907199959.
JMIR Cardio. 2025 Aug 8;9:e68197. doi: 10.2196/68197.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) continues to account for a substantial proportion of deaths worldwide. Ballistocardiogram (BCG), a noncontact, noninvasive technique for monitoring cardiac activity, has gained increasing attention for its potential role in various medical applications, particularly in CHD. This review comprehensively explores the applications of BCG in the diagnostic evaluation of CHD.
The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the clinical applications and diagnostic capabilities of BCG in CHD, with the ultimate goal of enhancing the precision of CHD management and optimizing therapeutic decision-making pathways.
A literature search was performed in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 guidelines to identify studies evaluating the use of BCG in CHD. The initial search identified 500 studies. Based on titles, abstracts, and keywords, 266 studies were selected for further review. Following further exclusion of non-English articles, animal studies, and review articles, 38 eligible studies were included in the final analysis.
Among the 38 studies, 22 focused on the application of BCG in acute coronary syndrome. These studies explored various aspects, including BCG waveforms in patients with acute myocardial infarction, the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, and the relationship between age and the rate of abnormal BCG waveforms. The remaining studies covered the effects of drugs, emotions, exercise, and other variables on BCG recordings in patients with CHD. Sample sizes varied significantly across the studies, 36 studies explicitly reported sample sizes, encompassing a total of 9479 participants with individual study sizes ranging from 1 to 903 cases. Notably, 13 studies enrolled fewer than 50 participants, raising concerns about potential selection bias and reduced reliability of the findings.
Overall, while BCG demonstrates significant potential in the diagnosis and prevention of CHD, several limitations remain. Variability in study design, sample size, and outcome measures poses challenges to the generalizability of findings. Nevertheless, the capability of BCG to reflect cardiac function and assist in the detection of CHD remains valuable. With continued research and technological advancement, BCG has the potential to transform current approaches to CHD diagnosis and management, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
冠心病（CHD）在全球死亡原因中仍占很大比例。心冲击图（BCG）是一种用于监测心脏活动的非接触、非侵入性技术，因其在各种医学应用中的潜在作用，尤其是在冠心病方面，而越来越受到关注。本综述全面探讨了心冲击图在冠心病诊断评估中的应用。
本系统评价的目的是评估心冲击图在冠心病中的临床应用和诊断能力，最终目标是提高冠心病管理的精准度并优化治疗决策路径。
根据PRISMA（系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目）2020指南进行文献检索，以识别评估心冲击图在冠心病中应用的研究。初步检索识别出500项研究。基于标题、摘要和关键词，选择266项研究进行进一步审查。在进一步排除非英文文章、动物研究和综述文章后，最终分析纳入了38项符合条件的研究。
在这38项研究中，22项聚焦于心冲击图在急性冠脉综合征中的应用。这些研究探讨了各个方面，包括急性心肌梗死患者的心冲击图波形、急性冠脉综合征的诊断以及年龄与心冲击图异常波形发生率之间的关系。其余研究涵盖了药物、情绪、运动和其他变量对冠心病患者心冲击图记录的影响。各研究的样本量差异很大，36项研究明确报告了样本量，总共包括9479名参与者，单个研究的样本量从1到903例不等。值得注意的是，13项研究的参与者少于50人，这引发了对潜在选择偏倚和研究结果可靠性降低的担忧。
总体而言，虽然心冲击图在冠心病的诊断和预防方面显示出巨大潜力，但仍存在一些局限性。研究设计、样本量和结果测量的差异对研究结果的可推广性构成了挑战。然而，心冲击图反映心脏功能并协助检测冠心病的能力仍然很有价值。随着持续的研究和技术进步，心冲击图有可能改变当前冠心病的诊断和管理方法，最终改善患者的治疗效果和生活质量。
