女教师乳腺癌筛查的障碍：一项定性研究
Barriers to breast cancer screening among female teachers: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Shahrbabaki Parvin Mangolian, Safizadeh Hossein, Amirzadeh Narjes, Shahi Mehrdad, Zeidabadinejad Somayeh
机构信息
Nursing Research Centre, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 8;25(1):2703. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23787-w.
BACKGROUND
Early diagnosis of breast cancer is critical for effective treatment and improved prognosis. This study investigated the barriers to breast cancer screening among high school teachers in Kerman, Iran.
METHODS
In 2018, a qualitative design with purposeful sampling was used to recruit 35 high school teachers. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and group discussions. Content analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2020, and trustworthiness was ensured through triangulation and member checking.
RESULTS
Participants (mean age: 47 ± 6 years) reported low screening rates, with only 17.1% regularly performing breast self-examinations and 42.8% having undergone mammography. Identified barriers were grouped into individual/familial factors (e.g., low self-worth, procrastination, lack of knowledge, false confidence, emotional distress, fear, and unsupportive partners) and sociocultural factors (e.g., shame and limited access to facilities). These barriers underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance screening participation.
CONCLUSION
Multiple individual and sociocultural barriers hinder breast cancer screening among Iranian women. Improving awareness, implementing supportive policies, and empowering teachers may promote early detection and prevention efforts.
背景
乳腺癌的早期诊断对于有效治疗和改善预后至关重要。本研究调查了伊朗克尔曼高中教师乳腺癌筛查的障碍。
方法
2018年，采用目的抽样的定性设计招募了35名高中教师。通过半结构化访谈和小组讨论收集数据。使用MAXQDA 2020进行内容分析，并通过三角验证和成员核对确保可信度。
结果
参与者（平均年龄：47±6岁）报告筛查率较低，只有17.1%的人定期进行乳房自我检查，42.8%的人接受过乳房X光检查。确定的障碍分为个人/家庭因素（如自我价值感低、拖延、知识缺乏、过度自信、情绪困扰、恐惧和伴侣不支持）和社会文化因素（如羞耻感和获得设施的机会有限）。这些障碍突出了需要有针对性的干预措施来提高筛查参与率。
结论
多种个人和社会文化障碍阻碍了伊朗女性的乳腺癌筛查。提高认识、实施支持性政策和增强教师能力可能会促进早期发现和预防工作。
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