Albeshan Salman M, Hossain Syeda Z, Mackey Martin G, Brennan Patrick C
Medical Radiation Sciences, Medical Image Optimization and Perception Group (MIOPeG), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University (KSU), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Discipline of Behavioural and Social Sciences in Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Clin Breast Cancer. 2020 Jun;20(3):194-200. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Feb 11.
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women worldwide. Early detection is central to improving disease outcomes. Three main screening methods - mammography, breast self-examination (BSE), and clinical breast examination (CBE) - have been developed and tested in Western nations. There is ongoing debate regarding the efficacy of BSE and CBE in terms of mortality reduction, and a number of international organizations no longer recommend them as screening methods. In technically less developed countries, however, where women are usually diagnosed with breast cancer at advanced stages and younger ages, the benefits of BSE and CBE might outweigh the harm and facilitate early detection of breast cancer. This paper reviews the history of BSE and CBE and discusses their value as early detection methods. It can contribute to informed decision-making by health policy-makers and clinicians who are involved in breast cancer screening in the developing world to improve women's well-being.
乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的癌症形式。早期检测对于改善疾病预后至关重要。西方国家已开发并测试了三种主要的筛查方法——乳房X光检查、乳房自我检查（BSE）和临床乳房检查（CBE）。关于BSE和CBE在降低死亡率方面的功效存在持续的争论，一些国际组织不再推荐将它们作为筛查方法。然而，在技术欠发达的国家，女性通常在晚期和较年轻时被诊断出患有乳腺癌，BSE和CBE的益处可能超过危害，并有助于早期发现乳腺癌。本文回顾了BSE和CBE的历史，并讨论了它们作为早期检测方法的价值。它可以为参与发展中国家乳腺癌筛查的卫生政策制定者和临床医生做出明智决策提供参考，以改善女性的健康状况。
