Mohseni Ahangar Reza, Golparvar Azizi Mohammad, Babazadeh Sara, Hosseini Nasab Seyed Ali Akbar, Tavakoli Pirzaman Ali
Department of Internal Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Caspian J Intern Med. 2025 Jun 23;16(3):570-576. doi: 10.22088/cjim.16.3.570. eCollection 2025 Summer.
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM), a rare autosomal recessive pulmonary disease, is mainly characterized by extensive calcium phosphate microliths deposition in the alveoli. The major mutation, causing the characteristic of this disease, occurs in solute carrier family 34 members 2 (SLC34A2), which is placed on chromosome 4p15.2. SLC34A2 encodes sodium-phosphate cotransporter type IIb, NPT2b, which plays a critical role in the transportation of phosphate ions from pulmonary alveoli into type II pneumocytes.
Herein, we have reported a 50-year-old male presented with recent sore throat, fever, and sweating. Radiological findings revealed bilateral micronodular pattern with diffuse ground glass attenuation in lower regions. Subsequent histologic examination of lung biopsy confirmed intra-alveolar accumulation of calculi and the diagnosis of PAM. In addition, we reviewed the literature narratively to clarify different aspects of PAM.
In this paper, we presented a sporadic case of PAM which was suspected with chest x-ray and confirmed by HRCT and trans-bronchial lung biopsy. We hope that it can help clinicians to be more aware of this condition and make proper diagnosis.
肺泡微石症（PAM）是一种罕见的常染色体隐性遗传性肺部疾病，主要特征是肺泡内广泛的磷酸钙微结石沉积。导致该疾病特征的主要突变发生在位于4号染色体p15.2的溶质载体家族34成员2（SLC34A2）中。SLC34A2编码IIb型钠-磷酸盐共转运体NPT2b，其在磷酸根离子从肺泡转运至II型肺细胞过程中起关键作用。
在此，我们报告了一名50岁男性，近期出现咽痛、发热和出汗症状。影像学检查发现双肺下叶有微结节影伴弥漫性磨玻璃影。随后的肺活检组织学检查证实肺泡内有结石堆积，确诊为PAM。此外，我们对相关文献进行了叙述性综述，以阐明PAM的不同方面。
本文报告了一例散发的PAM病例，通过胸部X线检查怀疑，经高分辨率CT（HRCT）和经支气管肺活检确诊。我们希望这能帮助临床医生更好地认识这种疾病并做出正确诊断。
