Sane Yaya, El Fakhouri Karim, Boulamtat Rachid, Sobeh Mansour, El Bouhssini Mustapha
AgroBioSciences Program, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Rabat 6299, Morocco.
ACS Omega. 2025 Jul 28;10(30):32587-32605. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c01339. eCollection 2025 Aug 5.
Chickpea is cultivated in more than 50 countries around the world, with a growing market reaching more than USD 11 billion worldwide. The annual production of chickpeas is around 1 t/ha, which is less than the expected yield of 6 t/ha when grown under optimal conditions. Insect pests are considered the major hindrance to chickpea production, with chickpea leafminer ( Rondani) and chickpea pod borer ( Hübner) as the most spread and damaging ones. Host-plant resistance is the most effective control strategy to significantly reduce the use of pesticides and their side effects on beneficial organisms and the environment. This perspective aimed to highlight the mechanisms of defense of chickpea against its most damaging insect pests and . In chickpeas, antixenosis and antibiosis are the most commonly reported resistance types. The key identified traits associated with the antixenosis defense against insect pests include trichomes on the leaf surface, organic acid exudation, and leaf size. The antibiosis resistance of chickpeas is related to the pod thickness, high content of phenolics, flavonoids, organic acids, defense enzymes, proteinase inhibitors, and attractiveness capacity of natural enemies. Docking results indicated that flavonoid compounds were successfully docked into the chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase active sites, predicting the inhibitory capacity of these compounds against the digestion of proteins in the pod borer. The overall mechanisms of defense of chickpeas are governed by several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) located in eight linkage groups (CaLG01-CaLG08). In addition to biochemical compounds and proteinase inhibitors, the mechanism of defense of transgenic chickpeas has also been discussed.
鹰嘴豆在全球50多个国家种植，全球市场规模不断扩大，超过110亿美元。鹰嘴豆的年产量约为1吨/公顷，低于在最佳条件下种植时预期的6吨/公顷产量。害虫被认为是鹰嘴豆生产的主要障碍，其中鹰嘴豆潜叶蝇（Rondani）和鹰嘴豆荚螟（Hübner）分布最广、危害最大。寄主植物抗性是显著减少农药使用及其对有益生物和环境副作用的最有效控制策略。这篇综述旨在强调鹰嘴豆对其最具破坏性害虫的防御机制。在鹰嘴豆中，抗生性和抗虫性是最常报道的抗性类型。已确定的与抗生性防御害虫相关的关键性状包括叶表面的毛状体、有机酸分泌和叶片大小。鹰嘴豆的抗虫性与豆荚厚度、酚类、黄酮类、有机酸、防御酶、蛋白酶抑制剂的高含量以及天敌的吸引力有关。对接结果表明，黄酮类化合物成功对接至胰凝乳蛋白酶和羧肽酶的活性位点，预测了这些化合物对豆荚螟中蛋白质消化的抑制能力。鹰嘴豆的整体防御机制由位于八个连锁群（CaLG01-CaLG08）中的几个数量性状位点（QTL）控制。除了生化化合物和蛋白酶抑制剂外，还讨论了转基因鹰嘴豆的防御机制。
