Bays Derek J, Savage Hannah P
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.
Department Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Infect Immun. 2025 Sep 9;93(9):e0061024. doi: 10.1128/iai.00610-24. Epub 2025 Aug 11.
While is a common, commensal yeast colonizing 50%-60% of humans, it has the potential to expand in the gastrointestinal tract and enter the blood stream resulting in invasive candidiasis. Invasive candidiasis carries a mortality approaching 50%, especially in the most vulnerable, immunocompromised population. Antibacterial use causes an increase in gastrointestinal colonization, indicating that the colonic microbiota plays a major role in preventing an uncontrolled expansion, a phenomenon known as colonization resistance. Antibacterials, medications, diet, and co-morbid conditions can all alter the microbiome, creating an altered environment known as dysbiosis. Our understanding of the microbiome continues to advance, and there is increasing evidence that the interactions that the microbiome has on the host are vital in maintaining colonization resistance to pathogens including . This review will focus on colonization resistance to within the gastrointestinal tract. The scope includes the benefits and consequences of colonization, interkingdom interactions of the microbiome on , microbiome-host interactions and how these modulate colonization, and the impact of medications and diet on colonization resistance.
虽然白色念珠菌是一种常见的共生酵母菌，在50%-60%的人群中定殖，但它有可能在胃肠道中增殖并进入血流，导致侵袭性念珠菌病。侵袭性念珠菌病的死亡率接近50%，在最脆弱的免疫功能低下人群中尤其如此。使用抗菌药物会导致白色念珠菌在胃肠道中的定殖增加，这表明结肠微生物群在防止其不受控制地增殖中起主要作用，这一现象称为定殖抗性。抗菌药物、药物、饮食和共病状况都会改变微生物组，形成一种称为生态失调的改变环境。我们对微生物组的理解不断进步，越来越多的证据表明，微生物组与宿主之间的相互作用对于维持对包括白色念珠菌在内的病原体的定殖抗性至关重要。本综述将聚焦于胃肠道内对白色念珠菌的定殖抗性。范围包括白色念珠菌定殖的益处和后果、微生物组与白色念珠菌之间的跨界相互作用、微生物组-宿主相互作用以及这些如何调节白色念珠菌定殖，以及药物和饮食对定殖抗性的影响。
