Baral Tejaswini, Fayaz Shaik Mohammad Abdul, Manu Mohan K, Kudru Chandrashekar Udyavara, Singh Jitendra, Mukhopadhyay Chiranjay, Rao Mahadev, Saravu Kavitha, Miraj Sonal Sekhar
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
Gut Pathog. 2025 Aug 11;17(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s13099-025-00736-x.
Emerging evidence suggests the link between pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and gut microbiota dysbiosis. This is the first study from the southern Indian population that characterized the gut microbiota of PTB patients using 16 S amplicon sequencing. The analysis revealed a significant reduction in gut microbial diversity among PTB patients, with particularly lower alpha diversity (Chao1 index, p ≤ 0.0001) than healthy controls (HC). This was further depleted during antitubercular therapy (ATT). Beta diversity indicated distinct clustering in all the groups (p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses showed that supplementation of probiotics with ATT improved microbial richness and diversity. However, broader shifts in composition were not observed. At the genus level, specific taxa were upregulated or downregulated in PTB patients compared to HC. Functional analysis showed a depletion in biosynthesis pathways in PTB patients. Short-term probiotic supplementation had a partial effect on microbial recovery but did not fully restore gut microbial diversity. These findings highlight persistent dysbiosis in PTB patients, even after ATT. Large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the role of microbiome-targeted therapies to address this dysbiosis.
新出现的证据表明肺结核（PTB）与肠道微生物群失调之间存在联系。这是来自印度南部人群的第一项研究，该研究使用16S扩增子测序对PTB患者的肠道微生物群进行了特征分析。分析显示，PTB患者的肠道微生物多样性显著降低，其α多样性（Chao1指数，p≤0.0001）尤其低于健康对照（HC）。在抗结核治疗（ATT）期间，这种情况进一步恶化。β多样性表明所有组中都有明显的聚类（p<0.05）。亚组分析表明，在ATT中补充益生菌可改善微生物的丰富度和多样性。然而，未观察到组成上更广泛的变化。在属水平上，与HC相比，PTB患者中特定的分类群上调或下调。功能分析显示PTB患者的生物合成途径减少。短期补充益生菌对微生物恢复有部分作用，但并未完全恢复肠道微生物多样性。这些发现突出了PTB患者即使在ATT后仍存在持续的失调。需要进行大规模研究来评估以微生物群为靶点的疗法在解决这种失调方面的作用。
