Chen Qianhui, Mo Pingzheng, Yang Rongrong, Xu Huan, Liu Huifang, Zhang Zhongwei, Du Qian, Jiang Qunqun, Guo Qinglian, Chen Liangjun, Zhang Yongxi, Xiong Yong, Deng Liping
Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
AIDS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jul 28;16:1616937. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1616937. eCollection 2025.
Probe-Capture Metagenomics is a newly developed method for detecting infectious pathogens. However, its application in HIV-infected patients with pulmonary infection remains limited. This study utilized Probe-Capture Metagenomics to analyze lung microbiomes and Drug Resistance Mutations of HIV and bacteria in people living with HIV (PLWH) with pneumonia.
We retrospectively investigated lung microorganisms in PLWH hospitalized at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. A combination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid Probe-Capture Metagenomics and conventional microbiological tests were performed in all patients.
A total of 91 patients were included in the study. Excluding the EB and Torque teno virus, at least two organisms were identified in 85 patients using Probe-Capture Metagenomics combined with conventional microbiological tests. The top six detected organisms were CMV, , , HHV-7, . For specific organisms, the detection rate of CMV and by Probe-Capture Metagenomics was significantly higher than that of conventional microbiological tests ( < 0.0001). Moreover, the detection rates of CMV ( = 0.0167) and ( = 0.04) in patients with CD4T count ≥ 200 cells/μL were higher than that with CD4T count < 200 cells/μL. Importantly, Probe-Capture Metagenomics can uncover potentially clinically relevant drug-resistance mutations linked to HIV and bacteria.
Probe-Capture Metagenomics provides a promising method of detecting suspected opportunistic infections in PLWH with pneumonia, especially for mixed infections and rare microorganisms. In addition, Probe-Capture Metagenomics was a potential valuable tool for genotyping resistance testing of HIV and bacteria.
探针捕获宏基因组学是一种新开发的检测感染性病原体的方法。然而，其在HIV感染合并肺部感染患者中的应用仍然有限。本研究利用探针捕获宏基因组学分析HIV感染者（PLWH）肺炎患者的肺部微生物群以及HIV和细菌的耐药突变。
我们回顾性调查了武汉大学中南医院住院的PLWH的肺部微生物。所有患者均进行了支气管肺泡灌洗液体探针捕获宏基因组学和传统微生物学检测相结合的方法。
本研究共纳入91例患者。排除EB病毒和细小病毒B19，使用探针捕获宏基因组学结合传统微生物学检测，在85例患者中鉴定出至少两种微生物。检测到的前六种微生物是巨细胞病毒（CMV）、、、HHV-7、。对于特定微生物，探针捕获宏基因组学检测CMV和的检出率显著高于传统微生物学检测（<0.0001）。此外，CD4T细胞计数≥200个细胞/μL的患者中CMV（=0.0167）和（=0.04）的检出率高于CD4T细胞计数<200个细胞/μL的患者。重要的是，探针捕获宏基因组学可以发现与HIV和细菌相关的潜在临床相关耐药突变。
探针捕获宏基因组学为检测PLWH肺炎患者疑似机会性感染提供了一种有前景的方法，尤其是对于混合感染和罕见微生物。此外，探针捕获宏基因组学是HIV和细菌基因分型耐药性检测的潜在有价值工具。
