Mubarak Tasneem, Jehangir Intikhab Aalum, Hussain Ashaq, Dar Eajaz Ahmad, Shah Zahoor Ahmad, Lone Aabid H, Mir Mohd Salim, El-Hendawy Salah, Mattar Mohamed A, Salem Ali
Mountain Research Centre for Field crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Khudwani, Kulgam, 192102, India.
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Krishi Vigyan Kendra-Ganderbal, India, 190006.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 12;15(1):29494. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09584-w.
This study compares direct-seeded rice (DSR) with transplanted rice under three different irrigation methods: conventional flooding, saturation, and alternate wetting and drying. The findings indicate that DSR outperforms transplanted rice in several key aspects. Specifically, DSR exhibited a greater number of tillers (635-650) and panicles (510-529) m, along with lower spikelet sterility (9.9-10.8%). Grain yield ranged from 6.69 to 7.8 t ha for DSR, surpassing that of transplanted rice, which yielded between 5.59 and 6.18 t ha. Moreover, DSR demonstrated 11-25% higher water productivity, highlighting its greater efficiency in water usage. Economic analysis revealed that DSR also offered superior returns, with a profit per rupee invested of 2.2, compared to 1.48 for transplanted rice. While irrigation method did not significantly impact growth or yield, conventional flooding led to a 28% reduction in water productivity compared to the saturation method and a 25% reduction compared to the alternate wetting and drying method. In terms of benefit-cost ratio, while the differences were modest, the saturation method recorded slightly higher values. Overall, the study indicates that adopting DSR with either the saturation or alternate wetting and drying irrigation methods can lead to higher yields, improved economic returns, and increased water productivity in temperate environments, positioning it as a more sustainable and efficient alternative to transplanted rice cultivation.
本研究比较了直播稻（DSR）与移栽稻在三种不同灌溉方式下的表现：常规淹灌、饱和灌溉以及干湿交替灌溉。研究结果表明，直播稻在几个关键方面优于移栽稻。具体而言，直播稻每平方米的分蘖数（635 - 650个）和穗数（510 - 529个）更多，小穗不育率更低（9.9% - 10.8%）。直播稻的谷物产量在6.69至7.8吨/公顷之间，超过了移栽稻，移栽稻的产量在5.59至6.18吨/公顷之间。此外，直播稻的水分生产率高出11% - 25%，凸显了其更高的用水效率。经济分析表明，直播稻的回报也更高，每投入一卢比的利润为2.2，而移栽稻为1.48。虽然灌溉方式对生长或产量没有显著影响，但与饱和灌溉方式相比，常规淹灌导致水分生产率降低了28%，与干湿交替灌溉方式相比降低了25%。就效益成本比而言，虽然差异不大，但饱和灌溉方式的数值略高。总体而言，该研究表明，在温带环境中采用饱和灌溉或干湿交替灌溉方式种植直播稻可实现更高产量、更好的经济回报并提高水分生产率，使其成为移栽稻种植更具可持续性和高效性的替代方式。
