Sánchez-Gil Alba, Pérez Jesús, Navarro-López Víctor, Sánchez-González Juan Luis
National Centre of Reference for People with Alzheimer's Disease and other Dementias, Salamanca, 37008, Spain.
Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Aug 12;25(1):782. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-07228-x.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a clinical stage between the expected cognitive decline of healthy ageing and dementia. People with MCI experience functional decline, social isolation and emotional symptoms that may increase suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STB). We aimed to explore the relationship between MCI and STB, as well as clinical and socioeconomic factors that may contribute to it.
To achieve our aims we carried out a comprensive systematic review of the existing scientific literature. We searched the following electronic databases up to June 2024: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web Of Science (WOS) and EMBASE. We employed the Cochrane Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Exposure (ROBINS-E) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of the eligible studies.
An initial search retrieved 1,176 publications; however, only 11 studies met eligibility criteria to be included in the final analysis. The quality of these studies ranged from 3 to 8 out of a maximum score of 9 in the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, with a median score of 6. People with a formal diagnosis of MCI showed a higher prevalence of STB than those without such condition or with a more severe cognitive impairment. Comorbid psychiatric disorders, such as depression, other health problems, such as cardiovascular diseases, and a low socioeconomic status and/or poor educational background seemed to contribute to suicide risk in people with MCI.
Our systematic review suggests that people suffering MCI may be at an increased risk of presenting STB. Suicide prevention programmes for older populations with MCI should advocate for integrated health and social care models to tackle the clinical and social burden of suffering MCI.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）是介于健康老龄化预期的认知衰退和痴呆之间的临床阶段。患有MCI的人会经历功能衰退、社交孤立和情绪症状，这些可能会增加自杀念头和行为（STB）。我们旨在探讨MCI与STB之间的关系，以及可能导致这种情况的临床和社会经济因素。
为实现我们的目标，我们对现有科学文献进行了全面的系统综述。我们检索了截至2024年6月的以下电子数据库：PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane图书馆、科学网（WOS）和EMBASE。我们采用非随机暴露研究的Cochrane偏倚风险（ROBINS-E）和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表来评估符合条件的研究的质量。
初步检索得到1176篇出版物；然而，只有11项研究符合纳入最终分析的资格标准。这些研究的质量在纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表的最高分为9分的情况下，从3分到8分不等，中位数为6分。正式诊断为MCI的人比没有这种情况或有更严重认知障碍的人表现出更高的STB患病率。合并精神疾病，如抑郁症，其他健康问题，如心血管疾病，以及低社会经济地位和/或不良教育背景似乎会增加MCI患者的自杀风险。
我们的系统综述表明，患有MCI的人出现STB的风险可能会增加。针对患有MCI的老年人群的自杀预防计划应倡导综合健康和社会护理模式，以应对患有MCI的临床和社会负担。
