Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
School of Biology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Ageing Res Rev. 2024 Jul;98:102335. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102335. Epub 2024 May 12.
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) marks the initial phase of memory decline or other cognitive functions like language or spatial perception, while individuals typically retain the capacity to carry out everyday tasks independently. Our comprehensive article investigates the intricate landscape of cognitive disorders, focusing on MCI and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD). The study aims to understand the signs of MCI, early Alzheimer's disease, and healthy brain aging while assessing factors influencing disease progression, pathology development and susceptibility. A systematic literature review of over 100 articles was conducted, emphasizing MCI, AD and ADRD within the elderly populations. The synthesis of results reveals significant findings regarding ethnicity, gender, lifestyle, comorbidities, and diagnostic tools. Ethnicity was found to influence MCI prevalence, with disparities observed across diverse populations. Gender differences were evident in cognitive performance and decline, highlighting the need for personalized management strategies. Lifestyle factors and comorbidities were identified as crucial influencers of cognitive health. Regarding diagnostic tools, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) emerged as superior to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in early MCI detection. Overall, our article provides insights into the multifaceted nature of cognitive disorders, emphasizing the importance of tailored interventions and comprehensive assessment strategies for effective cognitive health management.
轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 标志着记忆衰退或其他认知功能（如语言或空间感知）的初始阶段，而个体通常仍有能力独立完成日常任务。我们的综合文章探讨了认知障碍的复杂领域，重点关注 MCI 和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 以及与 AD 相关的痴呆症 (ADRD)。该研究旨在了解 MCI、早期阿尔茨海默病和健康大脑衰老的迹象，同时评估影响疾病进展、病理发展和易感性的因素。对超过 100 篇文章进行了系统的文献综述，重点关注老年人中的 MCI、AD 和 ADRD。结果的综合揭示了关于种族、性别、生活方式、合并症和诊断工具的重要发现。研究发现，种族会影响 MCI 的患病率，不同人群之间存在差异。认知表现和下降方面存在性别差异，强调需要制定个性化的管理策略。生活方式因素和合并症被确定为认知健康的关键影响因素。关于诊断工具，蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 在早期 MCI 检测中优于简易精神状态检查 (MMSE)。总体而言，我们的文章深入探讨了认知障碍的多面性质，强调了针对特定个体的干预措施和全面评估策略对于有效认知健康管理的重要性。
