Diers Kersten, Gärtner Anne, Schönfeld Sabine, Dörfel Denise, Walter Henrik, Brocke Burkhard, Strobel Alexander
Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Evangelische Hochschule Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Imaging Neurosci (Camb). 2023 Nov 9;1. doi: 10.1162/imag_a_00028. eCollection 2023.
It is an open question in cognitive emotion regulation research how emotion regulation unfolds over time, and whether the brain regions involved in down-regulation are also recruited during up-regulation of emotions. As a replication and extension of our preceding study, we conducted an fMRI study in young healthy adults on the neural basis of up- and down-regulation of negative and neutral pictures during the immediate stimulation phase as well as after short- and long-term delays ( for immediate and short-term delays, a subset of for long-term delays). For this, we employed three experimental conditions-down-regulation (distance), maintenance (permit), and up-regulation (intensify)-for negative and neutral pictures, and investigated the neural responses during the stimulation and post-stimulation phase as well as during re-exposure after 10 min and after 1 week. We observed the following main results: first, we found greater activation in emotion-generating regions such as the amygdala in the permit vs. distance and the intensify vs. distance comparisons, but not in the intensify vs. permit comparison. Second, we observed greater activation in emotion-regulating regions such as the right inferior parietal and right superior / middle frontal cortex in the distance vs. permit and the distance vs. intensify contrasts, but not the permit vs. intensify contrast. Third, we found that the activation difference between distance and intensify within the amygdala reversed after the regulation period. Fourth, previous emotion regulation did not influence the activation during re-exposure, neither after 10 min nor after 1 week. Taken together, the results provide a partial replication of persistent effects observed in our preceding study, indicate different neural systems for up- and down-regulation, and demonstrate that a broader perspective on emotion regulation can be achieved by simultaneously considering different goals, directions, and strategies of emotion regulation in a single experiment.
在认知情绪调节研究中，情绪调节如何随时间展开，以及在情绪上调过程中参与下调的脑区是否也会被激活，这仍是一个悬而未决的问题。作为我们之前研究的复制与拓展，我们对年轻健康成年人进行了一项功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究，探究在即时刺激阶段以及短期和长期延迟后（即时和短期延迟为[具体数量]的子集，长期延迟为[具体数量]）对负面和中性图片进行上调和下调的神经基础。为此，我们针对负面和中性图片采用了三种实验条件——下调（距离）、维持（允许）和上调（强化），并研究了刺激阶段、刺激后阶段以及10分钟后和1周后再次暴露期间的神经反应。我们观察到以下主要结果：第一，在“允许”与“距离”以及“强化”与“距离”的比较中，我们发现杏仁核等情绪产生区域有更强的激活，但在“强化”与“允许”的比较中未发现。第二，在“距离”与“允许”以及“距离”与“强化”的对比中，我们观察到右侧下顶叶和右侧额上/中回等情绪调节区域有更强的激活，但在“允许”与“强化”的对比中未发现。第三，我们发现杏仁核内“距离”和“强化”之间的激活差异在调节期后发生了逆转。第四，先前的情绪调节在10分钟后和1周后再次暴露期间均未影响激活情况。综上所述，这些结果部分复制了我们之前研究中观察到的持续效应，表明上调和下调存在不同的神经系统，并证明通过在单个实验中同时考虑情绪调节的不同目标、方向和策略，可以实现对情绪调节更广泛的认识。
